Articles | Volume 10, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-847-2019
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-847-2019
Research article
 | 
05 Dec 2019
Research article |  | 05 Dec 2019

Analysis of the position and strength of westerlies and trades with implications for Agulhas leakage and South Benguela upwelling

Nele Tim, Eduardo Zorita, Kay-Christian Emeis, Franziska U. Schwarzkopf, Arne Biastoch, and Birgit Hünicke

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Cited articles

Bakun, A., Field, D. B., Redondo-Rodriguez, A., and Weeks, S. J.: Greenhouse gas, upwelling-favorable winds, and the future of coastal ocean upwelling ecosystems, Glob. Change Biol., 16, 1213–1228, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02094.x, 2010. a
Beal, L. M. and Bryden, H. L.: Observations of an Agulhas undercurrent, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 44, 1715–1724, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0637(97)00033-2, 1997. a
Beal, L. M. and Elipot, S.: Broadening not strengthening of the Agulhas Current since the early 1990s, Nature, 540, 570–573, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19853, 2016. a
Biastoch, A., Böning, C. W., Schwarzkopf, F. U., and Lutjeharms, J.: Increase in Agulhas leakage due to poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere westerlies, Nature, 462, 495–498, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08519, 2009. a, b, c
Blanke, B., Speich, S., Bentamy, A., Roy, C., and Sow, B.: Modeling the structure and variability of the southern Benguela upwelling using QuikSCAT wind forcing, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 110, C07018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jc002529, 2005. a
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Our study reveals that the latitudinal position and intensity of Southern Hemisphere trades and westerlies are correlated. In the last decades the westerlies have shifted poleward and intensified. Furthermore, the latitudinal shifts and intensity of the trades and westerlies impact the sea surface temperatures around southern Africa and in the South Benguela upwelling region. The future development of wind stress depends on the strength of greenhouse gas forcing.
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