Articles | Volume 13, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-357-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-357-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Feb 2022
Research article |
| 15 Feb 2022
| 15 Feb 2022
Sedimentary microplankton distributions are shaped by oceanographically connected areas
Peter D. Nooteboom
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Centre for Complex Systems Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Peter K. Bijl
Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Marine Palynology and Paleoceanography, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Christian Kehl
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Erik van Sebille
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Centre for Complex Systems Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Martin Ziegler
Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Marine Palynology and Paleoceanography, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Anna S. von der Heydt
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Centre for Complex Systems Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Henk A. Dijkstra
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Centre for Complex Systems Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Related authors
No articles found.
Sindia M. Sosdian, Alexandra Auderset, Sevasti Modestou, Ann Holbourn, Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Anna Joy Drury, Anya V. Hess, Karlos G. D. Kochhann, Diederik Liebrand, Xiaoqing Liu, Jared Nirenberg, Neeraj S. Shah, Deborah Tangunan, Gerald Auer, Marcus P. S. Badger, Clara Bolton, Alexander Clark, Anya Crocker, David Evans, Sarah Feakins, Timothy Herbert, Emily Judd, Jennifer Kasbohm, David King, Wout Krijgsman, Wolfgang Kuhnt, Kira Lawrence, Caroline H. Lear, Kim Marshall-Mills, Erin McClymont, Nele Meckler, Paul Minton, Katrina Nilsson-Kerr, Diana Ochoa, Marci Robinson, Thamizharasan Sakthivel, Francesca Sangiorgi, Amelia E. Shevenell, Weimin Si, Elizabeth Sibert, Kasia K. Sliwinska, Appy Sluijs, Heather Stoll, Victoria Taylor, Tim van Peer, Bridget Wade, Thomas Westerhold, Evi Wubben, Yige Zhang, and Martin Ziegler
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-699, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-699, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The MioOcean database hosts Miocene (23–5.3 million years ago) ocean temperatures, standardised and with updated age information, comprising 22,941 data points from 101 scientific studies. As parts of the Miocene were warmer than present, with estimated CO2 levels similar to those projected for the near future, this database enables assessment of how past oceans responded to climate variations, which may improve predictions of climate responses to anticipated future warming.
Yente M. J. te Koppele and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6433, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6433, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscience Communication (GC).
Short summary
Short summary
Media extensively cover the environmental and societal consequences of a possible collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Current (AMOC). But are the media reports accurate, and do they adopt the framing of the original scientific articles? We find that, while Dutch news articles often omit scientific uncertainties and emphasize the timing and consequences of an AMOC collapse, they accurately convey the core concepts of AMOC-related scientific research papers.
Chris Huntingford, Jesse F. Abrams, Peter Ashwin, Niklas Boers, Chris A. Boulton, Joshua E. Buxton, Joseph Clarke, Peter M. Cox, Andrew M. Cunliffe, Henk A. Dijkstra, Bahar Emirzade, Darren Ghent, Daniel Giles, Sneha Kachhara, Timothy M. Lenton, Valerio Lucarini, Helen Millman, Robert J. Parker, Sergei Petrovskii, Paul D. L. Ritchie, Cristina Ruiz Villena, Mark S. Williamson, and Niccolò Zagli
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5606, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5606, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Earth System Dynamics (ESD).
Short summary
Short summary
Future tipping of key parts of the Earth system, driven by human-induced climate change, poses serious risks to society. These concerns have spurred the development of Early Warning Systems (EWSs) that use data to show how close we are to tipping. However, existing EWSs are often generic statistical forms. We first review current EWS methods, then present a broad set of hypotheses that may help improve them. We argue strongly for process knowledge to guide more refined EWS forms.
Shruti Setty, Henk A. Dijkstra, Lucas J. Lourens, Egbert H. van Nes, Marlow J. Cramwinckel, Ingrid A. van de Leemput, and Appy Sluijs
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5433, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Earth System Dynamics (ESD).
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the dynamic causal relationship in the climate-carbon cycle system in the past 66 million years using machine learning approaches in continuous high-resolution deep ocean climate and carbon cycle proxies. Our study suggests strong causality during warm climate states and insignificant causality in others. Our study also points towards an orbital influence and strengthening positive feedbacks towards both abrupt warming and cooling events hypothesized to be due to tipping points.
Alejandro Hermoso, Lucas Ferreira Correa, Casey R. Patrizio, Henk Dijkstra, Anna von der Heydt, and Christoph C. Raible
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5619, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5619, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Earth System Dynamics (ESD).
Short summary
Short summary
The North Atlantic jet stream strongly influences European weather variability. We investigate how it may change under global warming and a collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Using two climate models and higher-resolution regional simulations, we find that the jet stream response is strongly model dependent. The regional simulations retain the large-scale response of the global models, while also introducing regional differences in the jet stream response.
Natalie J. Burls, Nicky M. Wright, R. Paul Acosta, Catherine D. Bradshaw, Edward Gasson, Lennert B. Stap, Gilles Ramstein, Anna Ruth W. Halberstadt, Agatha M. De Boer, Funda Akgün, David J. Cantrill, Manuel Casas-Gallego, Nela Doláková, Boglarka Erdei, Alex Farnsworth, Sarah Feakins, Ran Feng, Tamara Fletcher, Frédéric Fluteau, J. A. Mattias Green, Anna S. von der Heydt, Matthew Huber, David K. Hutchinson, Dimiter Ivanov, Mine Sezgül Kayseri-Özer, Gregor Knorr, Marianna Kováčová, Caroline H. Lear, Allegra N. LeGrande, Shufeng Li, Xiaoqing Liu, Daniel J. Lunt, Katrin Meissner, Yunfa Miao, Trusha J. Naik, Javier B. Navarro, Joseph B. Novak, Diana Ochoa, Guy J.G. Paxman, Matthew J. Pound, James W. B. Rae, Tammo Reichgelt, Martin Renoult, Francesca Sangiorgi, Anta-Clarisse Sarr, Diane Segalla, Pierre Sepulchre, Amelia Shevenell, Sebastian Steinig, Eivind Straume, Caroline A. E. Strömberg, Clay Tabor, Torsten Utescher, Julia E. Weiffenbach, Elżbieta Worobiec, Yurui Zhang, Feng Zhu, Jiang Zhu, Alexandra Auderset, Florence Colleoni, Aisling Dolan, Rachel Havranek, Ann Holbourn, Nicholas Herold, Daeun Lee, James W. Marschalek, Bryce Mitsunaga, Sevi Modestou, Lina Perez-Angel, Mae Saslaw, Sinda Sosdian, Elena Stiles, Yong Sun, Ning Tan, Zhongshi Zhang, and Yan Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3595, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3595, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Simulating warm paleoclimates increases our understanding of the mechanisms that drive climatic change and tipping points. The Miocene Epoch, specifically the Miocene Climatic Optimum, has been identified as a particularly valuable past warm climate to simulate, meriting the design of a coordinated Miocene Model Intercomparison Project. Here we synthesize the latest available literature and present the experimental design for coordinated Miocene simulations and sensitivity studies.
Niels Koppelaar, Christel van Eck, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3839, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3839, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Climate researchers are key in communicating the climate crisis, but most studies focus on university scientists. Little is known about those working in government organisations. We interviewed 14 Dutch climate scientists at government-funded institutes about opportunities and barriers to advocacy and activism, including concerns about civil servant roles, independence, institutional identity, and unclear rules.
Thomas Tanner, Ivan Hernandez-Almeida, Reto Wijker, Andrea K. Manirajan, Madeleine Santos, Peter Bijl, Tim van Peer, and Heather Stoll
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3415, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3415, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we examined the relationship between surface ocean temperature in the midlatitudes in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres over a period of major Antarctic ice expansion 24 to 22 million years ago, a period when Antarctica was the only polar ice sheet. We find consistent cooling of the surface ocean in both hemispheres as ice was expanding, indicating a close coupling of global climate and polar ice caps.
Reyk Börner and Henk A. Dijkstra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3507, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3507, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Tipping points have become a popular concept in earth sciences and for communicating climate change risk. However, there is confusion about what tipping means, caused also by ambiguous definitions of tipping terminology. We propose and exemplify a revised tipping definition, focusing on the observed time series and underlying cause of a tipping event. Our proposition seeks to bridge between narrow mathematical and purely qualitative definitions that often remain unclear and difficult to test.
Elena Gianotten, Meike F. Bos, Darshika Manral, Fabio Nauer, Erik Zettler, Lina A. Amaral-Zettler, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3097, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3097, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Widespread blooms of the seaweed Sargassum have caused large-scale inundation events in coastal Caribbean and African regions since 2011. Predicting the where these blooms appear, and how the Sargassum moves, depends on the interaction between ocean flow and biological growth. Here, we present a new computational framework for quick and easy simulation of Sargassum. The framework is particularly useful for testing the dependency of different growth models on the Sargassum fate.
Emma J. V. Smolders, René M. van Westen, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci., 22, 1965–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1965-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1965-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
The Southern Ocean shows strong natural variability on multi-decadal time scales, known as the Southern Ocean Mode (SOM). Using high-resolution ocean simulations, we show that a collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) strongly weakens the SOM. This weakening is linked to changes in ocean density, a slowdown of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and shifts in deep convection across the Southern Ocean.
Aleksandr M. Fedorov, M. Femke De Jong, Claudia E. Wieners, Elodie Duyck, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci., 22, 1819–1834, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1819-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1819-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Deep ocean mixing in the North Atlantic helps power major currents, but it is weakening as the surface warms. We used a high-resolution ocean model and separate experiments that added either extra heat loss, extra wind, or both during Greenland storm events. Extra heat loss caused most of the deep mixing, but strong winds also helped by mixing salty water upward and removing the fresh surface layer early in winter. This wind effect may modulate the future decline of deep mixing.
Toon Bense, Henk A. Dijkstra, and Pepijn Bakker
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2794, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a framework that connects models and geological data to increase our understanding of the natural variability of the climate on (multi-)centennial timescales. We use a climate model simulation as testing bed to show Multi-channel Singular Spectrum Analysis can be a suitable method in this context, even when applied to data constrained by relatively sparse locations where geological data is available. This motivates development and application of the method to geological archives.
Oliver Mehling, Elian Vanderborght, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 17, 563–579, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-563-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-563-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study revisits how critical thresholds for tipping of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are derived from comprehensive climate models. It is shown that the method for keeping the global salinity constant – by compensating salinity either at the surface or throughout the ocean volume – matters for AMOC tipping: with surface compensation, the tipping point shifts to larger freshwater forcing values, mainly due to (artificial) salt input in the North Atlantic and Arctic.
Francesco Guardamagna, Sacha Sinet, and Henk A. Dijkstra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1872, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1872, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is an ocean current that redistributes heat in the Atlantic Ocean and may abruptly weaken under climate change, with impacts including cooling in Europe and sea-level rise along the North American East Coast. Freshwater input from melting ice into the North Atlantic can push the system toward a tipping point. We introduce an artificial intelligence-based method to estimate the distance to this tipping point in terms of freshwater forcing.
Issufo Halo, Tarron Lamont, Michael Hart-Davis, Pierrick Penven, Isabelle Ansorge, Chris Reason, Bjorn Backeberg, Siren Rühs, Erik van Sebille, Christo Whittle, Annette Samuelsen, Johnny Johannessen, Tamaryn Morris, Marjolaine Krug, Juliet Hermes, Marek Ostrowski, Sheveenah Taukoor, and Babatunde Abiodun
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6573, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6573, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This review synthesizes two decades of research on the Greater Agulhas Current System, a major ocean current influencing climate, weather and marine life around southern Africa and beyond. Using improved observations, satellites, and computer models, we show how this system transports properties between oceans, affects rainfall and climate patterns, and marine ecosystems. The findings highlight its global climate importance and the need for sustained monitoring to better predict future change.
Jelle Soons, Elian Vanderborght, and Henk A. Dijkstra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6565, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6565, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a major ocean circulation that regulates the global climate and could potentially collapse under climate change. Previously it has been shown that constructing a closure of the Bering Strait could prevent this collapse. In this study we use a box model to represent the global ocean circulation, and show that closing this Strait can either weaken or protect the AMOC, depending on background conditions and the rate of temperature increase.
Meike F. Bos, Irina I. Rypina, Larry J. Pratt, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-64, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-64, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Macroplastic items in the ocean can move differently than the water surrounding them, because their size and density are different than that of water. We investigate how to implement this effect for macroplastic items in simulations in the North West European Shelf region. For this region we find that the large drag force makes the macroplastics trajectories very closely follow the water itself, meaning that simulating macroplastic is simpler than previously expected.
Erik van Sebille, Celine Weel, Rens Vliegenthart, and Mark Bos
Geosci. Commun., 9, 69–86, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-9-69-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-9-69-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Many climate scientists intuitively fear their credibility decreases when they engage in advocacy. We find that the opposite is the case. By surveying almost 1000 Dutch adults, we found that the credibility of a fictional climate scientists who wrote an article about the greening of gardens was higher when that text included advocacy statements, compared to when it was
neutral. This is because personalization increases the goodwill of readers for the academic who writes a text.
Jimena Medina-Rubio, Madlene Nussbaum, Ton S. van den Bremer, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 22, 49–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-49-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-49-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
We study how tides, wind, and waves interact at the ocean surface by tracking ultra-thin drifters released in the southern North Sea for two months. Using model data together with data-driven machine learning models, we determine the relative contribution of each forcing mechanism in driving the drifters' velocity and improve the prediction of their trajectories. We also test the generalisability of this method by applying it to the same drifters in the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Koen J. van der Heijden, Swinda K. J. Falkena, and Anna S. von der Heydt
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 2273–2293, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2273-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2273-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The North Atlantic subpolar gyre is a counter-clockwise flowing ocean current that is partly driven by convection. There are indications that the convection in the subpolar gyre region can stop under climate change, with potentially large consequences for the wider North Atlantic. Here, we study a simple model of the subpolar gyre and find that in the scenarios we study, convection never stops permanently. This provides useful context for interpreting more complex models and observations.
Marc Emanuel Schneiter, Rolf Hut, and Erik Van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6170, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6170, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We study land-water transitions of 24 small floating position-trackers that approximately mimic floating plastic litter. We describe how to automatically identify such transitions from recorded tracks, and we characterize our observations with respect to sea and wind conditions. The insights can be integrated in model simulations and used for the planning of beach cleanups. We released the trackers in the Wadden Sea, a shallow body of water that is strongly influenced by tides and wind.
Niels J. de Winter, Najat al Fudhaili, Iris Arndt, Philippe Claeys, René Fraaije, Steven Goderis, John Jagt, Matthias López Correa, Axel Munnecke, Jarosław Stolarski, and Martin Ziegler
Clim. Past, 21, 2361–2387, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-2361-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-2361-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
To test the tolerance of past shallow marine ecosystems to extreme climates, we collected and compiled stable and clumped isotope data from rudist (Order Hippuritida) bivalves that lived in tropical shallow marine waters in present-day Oman during the Campanian (75 million years ago). Our dataset shows that these animals were able to withstand exceptionally warm temperatures, exceeding 40 °C, during hot summers. Our finding highlights how seasonal climate extremes impact marine biodiversity.
René M. van Westen, Elian Vanderborght, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 2063–2085, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2063-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2063-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a tipping element in the fully-coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM). Under varying freshwater flux forcing parameters or climate change, the AMOC may collapse from a relatively strong state to a substantially weaker state. It is important to understand the dynamics of the AMOC collapse in the CESM. We show that the stability of the AMOC in the CESM is controlled by only a few feedback processes.
Peter K. Bijl, Kasia K. Śliwińska, Bella Duncan, Arnaud Huguet, Sebastian Naeher, Ronnakrit Rattanasriampaipong, Claudia Sosa-Montes de Oca, Alexandra Auderset, Melissa A. Berke, Bum Soo Kim, Nina Davtian, Tom Dunkley Jones, Desmond D. Eefting, Felix J. Elling, Pierrick Fenies, Gordon N. Inglis, Lauren O'Connor, Richard D. Pancost, Francien Peterse, Addison Rice, Appy Sluijs, Devika Varma, Wenjie Xiao, and Yi Ge Zhang
Biogeosciences, 22, 6465–6508, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-6465-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-6465-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Many academic laboratories worldwide process environmental samples for analysis of membrane lipid molecules of archaea, for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions. However, the sample workup scheme involves many steps, each of which has a risk of contamination or bias, affecting the results. This paper reviews steps involved in sampling, extraction and analysis of lipids, interpretation and archiving of the data. This ensures reproducible, reusable, comparable and consistent data.
Swinda K. J. Falkena, Henk A. Dijkstra, and Anna S. von der Heydt
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 1833–1844, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1833-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1833-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The subpolar gyre is a wind-driven circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean that enables the mixing of water between the surface and deeper layers. We investigate the interactions between the strength of the gyre circulation, salinity, temperature, and mixing in climate models. We find that most models capture an increase in salinity or a decrease in temperature, leading to mixing. However, the feedback from the density in the gyre centre to the strength of its circulation is poorly represented.
Claudio M. Pierard, Siren Rühs, Laura Gómez-Navarro, Michael Charles Denes, Florian Meirer, Thierry Penduff, and Erik van Sebille
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 32, 411–438, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-411-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-411-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Particle-tracking simulations compute how ocean currents transport material. However, initializing these simulations is often ad hoc. Here, we explore how two different strategies (releasing particles over space or over time) compare. Specifically, we compare the variability in particle trajectories to the variability of particles computed in a 50-member ensemble simulation. We find that releasing the particles over 20 weeks gives variability that is most like that in the ensemble.
Aike Vonk, Mark Bos, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 8, 297–317, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-297-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-297-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Research institutes communicate scientific findings through press releases, which journalists use to write news articles. We examined how journalists use content from press releases about ocean plastic research. Our findings show that they closely follow the press releases story, primarily quoting involved scientists without seeking external perspectives. Causing the focus to stay on researchers, personalizing science rather than addressing the broader societal dimensions of plastic pollution.
Sina Loriani, Yevgeny Aksenov, David I. Armstrong McKay, Govindasamy Bala, Andreas Born, Cristiano Mazur Chiessi, Henk A. Dijkstra, Jonathan F. Donges, Sybren Drijfhout, Matthew H. England, Alexey V. Fedorov, Laura C. Jackson, Kai Kornhuber, Gabriele Messori, Francesco S. R. Pausata, Stefanie Rynders, Jean-Baptiste Sallée, Bablu Sinha, Steven C. Sherwood, Didier Swingedouw, and Thejna Tharammal
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 1611–1653, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1611-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1611-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we draw on palaeo-records, observations, and modelling studies to review tipping points in the ocean overturning circulations, monsoon systems, and global atmospheric circulations. We find indications for tipping in the ocean overturning circulations and the West African monsoon, with potentially severe impacts on the Earth system and humans. Tipping in the other considered systems is regarded as conceivable but is currently not sufficiently supported by evidence.
Aurora Faure Ragani and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 1287–1301, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1287-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1287-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is sensitive to changing surface forcing conditions. Under future greenhouse gas emission reductions, it was shown in a conceptual model that it may be possible to avoid a collapse of the AMOC. Using a detailed global ocean model, we clarify the physics of the collapse and recovery behaviour of the AMOC. The potential to avoid an AMOC collapse is tightly linked to a delicate balance of salt fluxes in the northern North Atlantic.
Amber A. Boot and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 1221–1235, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1221-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1221-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a tipping element in the Earth system that affects the global climate. We often use models to understand how the AMOC tips. However, these models are flawed. Here we study the effect of these flaws on the AMOC multistable regime in a climate model. We artificially add additional flaws to the model. We find that AMOC stability can be affected by such flaws, and a reduction in such flaws in climate models is therefore thought to be essential.
Francesco Guardamagna, Claudia Wieners, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 32, 201–224, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-201-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-201-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently shown promising results in ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) forecasting, outperforming traditional models. Yet AI models deliver accurate predictions without showing the underlying mechanisms. Our study examines a specific AI model, the reservoir computer (RC). Our results show that the RC is less sensitive to initial perturbations than the traditional Zebiak–Cane (ZC) model. This reduced sensitivity can explain the RC's superior skills.
Vesna Bertoncelj, Furu Mienis, Paolo Stocchi, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 21, 945–964, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-945-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-945-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores ocean currents around Curaçao and how land-derived substances like pollutants and nutrients travel in the water. Most substances move northwest, following the main current, but at times, ocean eddies spread them in other directions. This movement may link polluted areas to pristine coral reefs, impacting marine ecosystems. Understanding these patterns helps inform conservation and pollution management around Curaçao.
Woosok Moon, Seung Pyo Lee, Elian Vanderborght, Georgy Manucharyan, and Henk Dijkstra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1004, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1004, 2025
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
As the climate warms, extreme weather is becoming more frequent in mid-latitudes. A key factor is the jet stream, shaped by atmospheric waves that influence wind and storm patterns. This study presents a simplified model showing how swirling air currents (eddies) maintain the jet stream and impact weather. As global warming alters these patterns, this research helps improve predictions of future weather changes.
Nieske Vergunst, Tugce Varol, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 8, 67–80, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-67-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-67-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and evaluated a board game about sea level rise to engage young adults. We found that the game positively influenced participants' perceptions of their impact on sea level rise, regardless of their prior familiarity with science. This study suggests that interactive and relatable activities can effectively engage audiences on climate issues, highlighting the potential for similar approaches in public science communication.
Mark V. Elbertsen, Erik van Sebille, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 21, 441–464, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-441-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-441-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work verifies the remarkable finds of late Eocene Antarctic-sourced iceberg-rafted debris on the South Orkney Microcontinent. We find that these icebergs must have been on the larger end of the size scale compared to today’s icebergs due to faster melting in the warmer Eocene climate. The study was performed using a high-resolution model in which individual icebergs were followed through time.
Jingjing Guo, Martin Ziegler, Louise Fuchs, Youbin Sun, and Francien Peterse
Clim. Past, 21, 343–355, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-343-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-343-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we use the distribution of soil bacterial membrane lipids stored on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) to quantitatively reconstruct variations in precipitation amount over the past 130 kyr. The precipitation record shows orbital- and millennial-scale variations and varies at precession and obliquity scale. The application of this precipitation proxy across the CLP indicates a more pronounced spatial gradient during glacials, when the western CLP experiences more arid conditions.
Bouke Biemond, Wouter M. Kranenburg, Ymkje Huismans, Huib E. de Swart, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci., 21, 261–281, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-261-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-261-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We study salinity in estuaries consisting of a network of channels. To this end, we develop a model that computes the flow and salinity in such systems. We use the model to quantify the mechanisms by which salt is transported into estuarine networks, the response to changes in river discharge, and the impact of depth changes. Results show that when changing the depth of channels, the effects on salt intrusion into other channels in the network can be larger than the effect on the channel itself.
Siren Rühs, Ton van den Bremer, Emanuela Clementi, Michael C. Denes, Aimie Moulin, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 21, 217–240, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-217-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-217-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Simulating the transport of floating particles on the ocean surface is crucial for solving many societal issues. Here, we investigate how the representation of wind-generated surface waves impacts particle transport simulations. We find that different wave-driven processes can alter transport patterns and that commonly adopted approximations are not always adequate. This suggests that ideally coupled ocean–wave models should be used for surface particle transport simulations.
Amber A. Boot and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 16, 115–150, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-115-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-115-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is forced at the surface by a heat flux and a freshwater flux. This noise can influence long-term ocean variability and large-scale circulation. Here we study noise characteristics in reanalysis data for these fluxes. We try to capture the noise characteristics by using several noise models and compare these to state-of-the-art climate models. A pointwise noise model performs better than the climate models and can be used as forcing in ocean-only models.
Dennis H. A. Vermeulen, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, and Anna S. von der Heydt
Clim. Past, 21, 95–114, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-95-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-95-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Late Eocene summers, 34 million years ago, were hot on Antarctica, with temperatures up to 30 °C. We also know that during this period the first Antarctic ice sheet formed. Since climate models do not show the transition from this warm climate to ice sheet formation accurately, we imposed regional ice sheets onto the continent in a realistic climate and show that these ice sheets do not melt away. This suggests that the initiation of ice sheet growth might have happened during warmer periods.
Suning Hou, Leonie Toebrock, Mart van der Linden, Fleur Rothstegge, Martin Ziegler, Lucas J. Lourens, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 21, 79–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-79-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-79-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Based on dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and sea surface temperature records west of offshore Tasmania, we find a northward migration and freshening of the subtropical front, not at the M2 glacial maximum but at its deglaciation phase. This oceanographic change aligns well with trends in pCO2. We propose that iceberg discharge from the M2 deglaciation freshened the subtropical front, which together with the other oceanographic changes affected atmosphere–ocean CO2 exchange in the Southern Ocean.
Frida S. Hoem, Karlijn van den Broek, Adrián López-Quirós, Suzanna H. A. van de Lagemaat, Steve M. Bohaty, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Robert D. Larter, Tim E. van Peer, Henk Brinkhuis, Francesca Sangiorgi, and Peter K. Bijl
J. Micropalaeontol., 43, 497–517, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-497-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-497-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The timing and impact of onset of Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) on climate and Antarctic ice are unclear. We reconstruct late Eocene to Miocene southern Atlantic surface ocean environment using microfossil remains of dinoflagellates (dinocysts). Our dinocyst records shows the breakdown of subpolar gyres in the late Oligocene and the transition into a modern-like oceanographic regime with ACC flow, established frontal systems, Antarctic proximal cooling, and sea ice by the late Miocene.
Amber A. Boot, Anna S. von der Heydt, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 1567–1590, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1567-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1567-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the multiple equilibria window (MEW) of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) within a box model. We find that increasing the total carbon content of the system widens the MEW of the AMOC. The important mechanisms at play are the balance between the source and sink of carbon and the sensitivity of the AMOC to freshwater forcing over the Atlantic Ocean. Our results suggest that changes in the marine carbon cycle can influence AMOC stability in future climates.
Anna Leerink, Mark Bos, Daan Reijnders, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 7, 201–214, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-201-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-201-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate scientists who communicate to a broad audience may be reluctant to write in a more personal style, as they assume that it hurts their credibility. To test this assumption, we asked 100 Dutch people to rate the credibility of a climate scientist. We varied how the author of the article addressed the reader and found that the degree of personalization did not have a measurable impact on the credibility of the author. Thus, we conclude that personalization may not hurt credibility.
Arthur Merlijn Oldeman, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Frank M. Selten, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 1037–1054, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1037-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1037-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We might be able to constrain uncertainty in future climate projections by investigating variations in the climate of the past. In this study, we investigate the interactions of climate variability between the tropical Pacific (El Niño) and the North Pacific in a warm past climate – the mid-Pliocene, a period roughly 3 million years ago. Using model simulations, we find that, although the variability in El Niño was reduced, the variability in the North Pacific atmosphere was not.
Dominique K. L. L. Jenny, Tammo Reichgelt, Charlotte L. O'Brien, Xiaoqing Liu, Peter K. Bijl, Matthew Huber, and Appy Sluijs
Clim. Past, 20, 1627–1657, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1627-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1627-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the Oligocene
icehouseclimate. We extend an existing marine climate proxy data compilation and present a new compilation and analysis of terrestrial plant assemblages to assess long-term climate trends and variability. Our data–climate model comparison reinforces the notion that models underestimate polar amplification of Oligocene climates, and we identify potential future research directions.
Sacha Sinet, Peter Ashwin, Anna S. von der Heydt, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 859–873, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-859-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-859-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Some components of the Earth system may irreversibly collapse under global warming. Among them, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the Greenland Ice Sheet, and West Antarctica Ice Sheet are of utmost importance for maintaining the present-day climate. In a simplified model, we show that both the rate of ice melting and the natural variability linked to freshwater fluxes over the Atlantic Ocean drastically affect how an ice sheet collapse impacts the AMOC stability.
Chris D. Fokkema, Tobias Agterhuis, Danielle Gerritsma, Myrthe de Goeij, Xiaoqing Liu, Pauline de Regt, Addison Rice, Laurens Vennema, Claudia Agnini, Peter K. Bijl, Joost Frieling, Matthew Huber, Francien Peterse, and Appy Sluijs
Clim. Past, 20, 1303–1325, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1303-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1303-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Polar amplification (PA) is a key uncertainty in climate projections. The factors that dominantly control PA are difficult to separate. Here we provide an estimate for the non-ice-related PA by reconstructing tropical ocean temperature variability from the ice-free early Eocene, which we compare to deep-ocean-derived high-latitude temperature variability across short-lived warming periods. We find a PA factor of 1.7–2.3 on 20 kyr timescales, which is somewhat larger than model estimates.
Julia E. Weiffenbach, Henk A. Dijkstra, Anna S. von der Heydt, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Wing-Le Chan, Deepak Chandan, Ran Feng, Alan M. Haywood, Stephen J. Hunter, Xiangyu Li, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, W. Richard Peltier, Christian Stepanek, Ning Tan, Julia C. Tindall, and Zhongshi Zhang
Clim. Past, 20, 1067–1086, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1067-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1067-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations and a smaller Antarctic Ice Sheet during the mid-Pliocene (~ 3 million years ago) cause the Southern Ocean surface to become fresher and warmer, which affects the global ocean circulation. The CO2 concentration and the smaller Antarctic Ice Sheet both have a similar and approximately equal impact on the Southern Ocean. The conditions of the Southern Ocean in the mid-Pliocene could therefore be analogous to those in a future climate with smaller ice sheets.
Frances Wijnen, Madelijn Strick, Mark Bos, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 7, 91–100, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-91-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-91-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate scientists are urged to communicate climate science; there is very little evidence about what types of communication work well for which audiences. We have performed a systematic literature review to analyze what is known about the efficacy of climate communication by scientists. While we have found more than 60 articles in the last 10 years about climate communication activities by scientists, only 7 of these included some form of evaluation of the impact of the activity.
René M. van Westen and Henk A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci., 20, 549–567, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-549-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-549-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is an important component in the global climate system. Observations of the present-day AMOC indicate that it may weaken or collapse under global warming, with profound disruptive effects on future climate. However, AMOC weakening is not correctly represented because an important feedback is underestimated due to biases in the Atlantic's freshwater budget. Here we address these biases in several state-of-the-art climate model simulations.
Arthur Merlijn Oldeman, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Aarnout J. van Delden, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Weather Clim. Dynam., 5, 395–417, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-395-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-395-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The mid-Pliocene, a geological period around 3 million years ago, is sometimes considered the best analogue for near-future climate. It saw similar CO2 concentrations to the present-day but also a slightly different geography. In this study, we use climate model simulations and find that the Northern Hemisphere winter responds very differently to increased CO2 or to the mid-Pliocene geography. Our results weaken the potential of the mid-Pliocene as a future climate analogue.
Peter K. Bijl
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1447–1452, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1447-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1447-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This new version release of DINOSTRAT, version 2.1, aligns stratigraphic ranges of dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts), a microfossil group, to the latest Geologic Time Scale. In this release I present the evolution of dinocyst subfamilies from the Middle Triassic to the modern period.
Nico Wunderling, Anna S. von der Heydt, Yevgeny Aksenov, Stephen Barker, Robbin Bastiaansen, Victor Brovkin, Maura Brunetti, Victor Couplet, Thomas Kleinen, Caroline H. Lear, Johannes Lohmann, Rosa Maria Roman-Cuesta, Sacha Sinet, Didier Swingedouw, Ricarda Winkelmann, Pallavi Anand, Jonathan Barichivich, Sebastian Bathiany, Mara Baudena, John T. Bruun, Cristiano M. Chiessi, Helen K. Coxall, David Docquier, Jonathan F. Donges, Swinda K. J. Falkena, Ann Kristin Klose, David Obura, Juan Rocha, Stefanie Rynders, Norman Julius Steinert, and Matteo Willeit
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 41–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-41-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-41-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper maps out the state-of-the-art literature on interactions between tipping elements relevant for current global warming pathways. We find indications that many of the interactions between tipping elements are destabilizing. This means that tipping cascades cannot be ruled out on centennial to millennial timescales at global warming levels between 1.5 and 2.0 °C or on shorter timescales if global warming surpasses 2.0 °C.
Philippe F. V. W. Frankemölle, Peter D. Nooteboom, Joe Scutt Phillips, Lauriane Escalle, Simon Nicol, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 20, 31–41, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-31-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-31-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Tuna fisheries in the Pacific often use drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs) to attract fish that are advected by subsurface flow through underwater appendages. Using a particle advection model, we find that virtual particles advected by surface flow are displaced farther than virtual dFADs. We find a relation between El Niño–Southern Oscillation and circular motion in some areas, influencing dFAD densities. This information helps us to understand processes that drive dFAD distribution.
Michiel Baatsen, Peter Bijl, Anna von der Heydt, Appy Sluijs, and Henk Dijkstra
Clim. Past, 20, 77–90, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-77-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-77-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work introduces the possibility and consequences of monsoons on Antarctica in the warm Eocene climate. We suggest that such a monsoonal climate can be important to understand conditions in Antarctica prior to large-scale glaciation. We can explain seemingly contradictory indications of ice and vegetation on the continent through regional variability. In addition, we provide a new mechanism through which most of Antarctica remained ice-free through a wide range of global climatic changes.
Peter K. Bijl and Henk Brinkhuis
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 309–314, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-309-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-309-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed an online, open-access database for taxonomic descriptions, stratigraphic information and images of organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst species. With this new resource for applied and academic research, teaching and training, we open up organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts for the academic era of open science. We expect that palsys.org represents a starting point to improve taxonomic concepts, and we invite the community to contribute.
Xin Ren, Daniel J. Lunt, Erica Hendy, Anna von der Heydt, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Charles J. R. Williams, Christian Stepanek, Chuncheng Guo, Deepak Chandan, Gerrit Lohmann, Julia C. Tindall, Linda E. Sohl, Mark A. Chandler, Masa Kageyama, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Ning Tan, Qiong Zhang, Ran Feng, Stephen Hunter, Wing-Le Chan, W. Richard Peltier, Xiangyu Li, Youichi Kamae, Zhongshi Zhang, and Alan M. Haywood
Clim. Past, 19, 2053–2077, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the Maritime Continent climate in the mid-Piacenzian warm period and find it is warmer and wetter and the sea surface salinity is lower compared with preindustrial period. Besides, the fresh and warm water transfer through the Maritime Continent was stronger. In order to avoid undue influence from closely related models in the multimodel results, we introduce a new metric, the multi-cluster mean, which could reveal spatial signals that are not captured by the multimodel mean.
Frida S. Hoem, Adrián López-Quirós, Suzanna van de Lagemaat, Johan Etourneau, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Carlota Escutia, Henk Brinkhuis, Francien Peterse, Francesca Sangiorgi, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 19, 1931–1949, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1931-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1931-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present two new sea surface temperature (SST) records in comparison with available SST records to reconstruct South Atlantic paleoceanographic evolution. Our results show a low SST gradient in the Eocene–early Oligocene due to the persistent gyral circulation. A higher SST gradient in the Middle–Late Miocene infers a stronger circumpolar current. The southern South Atlantic was the coldest region in the Southern Ocean and likely the main deep-water formation location in the Middle Miocene.
Tor Nordam, Ruben Kristiansen, Raymond Nepstad, Erik van Sebille, and Andy M. Booth
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5339–5363, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5339-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5339-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We describe and compare two common methods, Eulerian and Lagrangian models, used to simulate the vertical transport of material in the ocean. They both solve the same transport problems but use different approaches for representing the underlying equations on the computer. The main focus of our study is on the numerical accuracy of the two approaches. Our results should be useful for other researchers creating or using these types of transport models.
Valérian Jacques-Dumas, René M. van Westen, Freddy Bouchet, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 30, 195–216, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-30-195-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-30-195-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Computing the probability of occurrence of rare events is relevant because of their high impact but also difficult due to the lack of data. Rare event algorithms are designed for that task, but their efficiency relies on a score function that is hard to compute. We compare four methods that compute this function from data and measure their performance to assess which one would be best suited to be applied to a climate model. We find neural networks to be most robust and flexible for this task.
Nina M. A. Wichern, Niels J. de Winter, Andrew L. A. Johnson, Stijn Goolaerts, Frank Wesselingh, Maartje F. Hamers, Pim Kaskes, Philippe Claeys, and Martin Ziegler
Biogeosciences, 20, 2317–2345, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2317-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2317-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fossil bivalves are an excellent climate archive due to their rapidly forming growth increments and long lifespan. Here, we show that the extinct bivalve species Angulus benedeni benedeni can be used to reconstruct past temperatures using oxygen and clumped isotopes. This species has the potential to provide seasonally resolved temperature data for the Pliocene to Oligocene sediments of the North Sea basin. In turn, these past climates can improve our understanding of future climate change.
Peter K. Bijl
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-169, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-169, 2023
Publication in ESSD not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
This new version release of DINOSTRAT, version 2.0, aligns stratigraphic ranges of dinoflagellate cysts, a microfossil group, to the Geologic Time Scale. In this release we present the evolution of dinocyst subfamilies from the mid-Triassic to the modern.
Lena Mareike Thöle, Peter Dirk Nooteboom, Suning Hou, Rujian Wang, Senyan Nie, Elisabeth Michel, Isabel Sauermilch, Fabienne Marret, Francesca Sangiorgi, and Peter Kristian Bijl
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 35–56, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-35-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-35-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dinoflagellate cysts can be used to infer past oceanographic conditions in the Southern Ocean. This requires knowledge of their present-day ecologic affinities. We add 66 Antarctic-proximal surface sediment samples to the Southern Ocean data and derive oceanographic conditions at those stations. Dinoflagellate cysts are clearly biogeographically separated along latitudinal gradients of temperature, sea ice, nutrients, and salinity, which allows us to reconstruct these parameters for the past.
Suning Hou, Foteini Lamprou, Frida S. Hoem, Mohammad Rizky Nanda Hadju, Francesca Sangiorgi, Francien Peterse, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 19, 787–802, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-787-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-787-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Neogene climate cooling is thought to be accompanied by increased Equator-to-pole temperature gradients, but mid-latitudes are poorly represented. We use biomarkers to reconstruct a 23 Myr continuous sea surface temperature record of the mid-latitude Southern Ocean. We note a profound mid-latitude cooling which narrowed the latitudinal temperature gradient with the northward expansion of subpolar conditions. We surmise that this reflects the strengthening of the ACC and the expansion of sea ice.
Julia E. Weiffenbach, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Henk A. Dijkstra, Anna S. von der Heydt, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Esther C. Brady, Wing-Le Chan, Deepak Chandan, Mark A. Chandler, Camille Contoux, Ran Feng, Chuncheng Guo, Zixuan Han, Alan M. Haywood, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Li, Gerrit Lohmann, Daniel J. Lunt, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, W. Richard Peltier, Gilles Ramstein, Linda E. Sohl, Christian Stepanek, Ning Tan, Julia C. Tindall, Charles J. R. Williams, Qiong Zhang, and Zhongshi Zhang
Clim. Past, 19, 61–85, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We study the behavior of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in the mid-Pliocene. The mid-Pliocene was about 3 million years ago and had a similar CO2 concentration to today. We show that the stronger AMOC during this period relates to changes in geography and that this has a significant influence on ocean temperatures and heat transported northwards by the Atlantic Ocean. Understanding the behavior of the mid-Pliocene AMOC can help us to learn more about our future climate.
Stefanie L. Ypma, Quinten Bohte, Alexander Forryan, Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, Andy Donnelly, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 18, 1477–1490, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1477-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1477-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this research we aim to improve cleanup efforts on the Galapagos Islands of marine plastic debris when resources are limited and the distribution of the plastic on shorelines is unknown. Using a network that describes the flow of macroplastic between the islands we have identified the most efficient cleanup locations, quantified the impact of targeting these locations and showed that shorelines where the plastic is unlikely to leave are likely efficient cleanup locations.
Amber Boot, Anna S. von der Heydt, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 13, 1041–1058, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1041-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1041-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric pCO2 of the past shows large variability on different timescales. We focus on the effect of the strength of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) on this variability and on the AMOC–pCO2 relationship. We find that climatic boundary conditions and the representation of biology in our model are most important for this relationship. Under certain conditions, we find internal oscillations, which can be relevant for atmospheric pCO2 variability during glacial cycles.
Carolien M. H. van der Weijst, Josse Winkelhorst, Wesley de Nooijer, Anna von der Heydt, Gert-Jan Reichart, Francesca Sangiorgi, and Appy Sluijs
Clim. Past, 18, 961–973, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-961-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-961-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A hypothesized link between Pliocene (5.3–2.5 million years ago) global climate and tropical thermocline depth is currently only backed up by data from the Pacific Ocean. In our paper, we present temperature, salinity, and thermocline records from the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Surprisingly, the Pliocene thermocline evolution was remarkably different in the Atlantic and Pacific. We need to reevaluate the mechanisms that drive thermocline depth, and how these are tied to global climate change.
Reint Fischer, Delphine Lobelle, Merel Kooi, Albert Koelmans, Victor Onink, Charlotte Laufkötter, Linda Amaral-Zettler, Andrew Yool, and Erik van Sebille
Biogeosciences, 19, 2211–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Since current estimates show that only about 1 % of the all plastic that enters the ocean is floating at the surface, we look at subsurface processes that can cause vertical movement of (micro)plastic. We investigate how modelled algal attachment and the ocean's vertical movement can cause particles to sink and oscillate in the open ocean. Particles can sink to depths of > 5000 m in regions with high wind intensity and mainly remain close to the surface with low winds and biological activity.
Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Michael A. Kliphuis, Arthur M. Oldeman, and Julia E. Weiffenbach
Clim. Past, 18, 657–679, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-657-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-657-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Pliocene was a period during which atmospheric CO2 was similar to today (i.e. ~ 400 ppm). We present the results of model simulations carried out within the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) using the CESM 1.0.5. We find a climate that is much warmer than today, with augmented polar warming, increased precipitation, and strongly reduced sea ice cover. In addition, several leading modes of variability in temperature show an altered behaviour.
Michael Amoo, Ulrich Salzmann, Matthew J. Pound, Nick Thompson, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 18, 525–546, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-525-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-525-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Late Eocene to earliest Oligocene (37.97–33.06 Ma) climate and vegetation dynamics around the Tasmanian Gateway region reveal that changes in ocean circulation due to accelerated deepening of the Tasmanian Gateway may not have been solely responsible for the changes in terrestrial climate and vegetation; a series of regional and global events, including a change in stratification of water masses and changes in pCO2, may have played significant roles.
Victor Onink, Erik van Sebille, and Charlotte Laufkötter
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1995–2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1995-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1995-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Turbulent mixing is a vital process in 3D modeling of particle transport in the ocean. However, since turbulence occurs on very short spatial scales and timescales, large-scale ocean models generally have highly simplified turbulence representations. We have developed parametrizations for the vertical turbulent transport of buoyant particles that can be easily applied in a large-scale particle tracking model. The predicted vertical concentration profiles match microplastic observations well.
Mikael L. A. Kaandorp, Stefanie L. Ypma, Marijke Boonstra, Henk A. Dijkstra, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 18, 269–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-269-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-269-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of marine litter, such as plastics, is located on or around beaches. Both the total amount of this litter and its transport are poorly understood. We investigate this by training a machine learning model with data of cleanup efforts on Dutch beaches between 2014 and 2019, obtained by about 14 000 volunteers. We find that Dutch beaches contain up to 30 000 kg of litter, largely depending on tides, oceanic transport, and how exposed the beaches are.
Peter K. Bijl
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 579–617, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-579-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-579-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Using microfossils to gauge the age of rocks and sediments requires an accurate age of their first (origination) and last (extinction) appearances. But how do you know such ages can then be applied worldwide? And what causes regional differences? This paper investigates the regional consistency of ranges of species of a specific microfossil group, organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts. This overview helps in identifying regional differences in the stratigraphic ranges of species and their causes.
Nick Thompson, Ulrich Salzmann, Adrián López-Quirós, Peter K. Bijl, Frida S. Hoem, Johan Etourneau, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Sabine Roignant, Emma Hocking, Michael Amoo, and Carlota Escutia
Clim. Past, 18, 209–232, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
New pollen and spore data from the Antarctic Peninsula region reveal temperate rainforests that changed and adapted in response to Eocene climatic cooling, roughly 35.5 Myr ago, and glacially related disturbance in the early Oligocene, approximately 33.5 Myr ago. The timing of these events indicates that the opening of ocean gateways alone did not trigger Antarctic glaciation, although ocean gateways may have played a role in climate cooling.
Zixuan Han, Qiong Zhang, Qiang Li, Ran Feng, Alan M. Haywood, Julia C. Tindall, Stephen J. Hunter, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Esther C. Brady, Nan Rosenbloom, Zhongshi Zhang, Xiangyu Li, Chuncheng Guo, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Christian Stepanek, Gerrit Lohmann, Linda E. Sohl, Mark A. Chandler, Ning Tan, Gilles Ramstein, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Deepak Chandan, W. Richard Peltier, Charles J. R. Williams, Daniel J. Lunt, Jianbo Cheng, Qin Wen, and Natalie J. Burls
Clim. Past, 17, 2537–2558, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2537-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2537-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the potential processes responsible for large-scale hydrological cycle changes in a warmer climate is of great importance. Our study implies that an imbalance in interhemispheric atmospheric energy during the mid-Pliocene could have led to changes in the dynamic effect, offsetting the thermodynamic effect and, hence, altering mid-Pliocene hydroclimate cycling. Moreover, a robust westward shift in the Pacific Walker circulation can moisten the northern Indian Ocean.
Arthur M. Oldeman, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Henk A. Dijkstra, Julia C. Tindall, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Alice R. Booth, Esther C. Brady, Wing-Le Chan, Deepak Chandan, Mark A. Chandler, Camille Contoux, Ran Feng, Chuncheng Guo, Alan M. Haywood, Stephen J. Hunter, Youichi Kamae, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Li, Gerrit Lohmann, Daniel J. Lunt, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, W. Richard Peltier, Gabriel M. Pontes, Gilles Ramstein, Linda E. Sohl, Christian Stepanek, Ning Tan, Qiong Zhang, Zhongshi Zhang, Ilana Wainer, and Charles J. R. Williams
Clim. Past, 17, 2427–2450, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we have studied the behaviour of El Niño events in the mid-Pliocene, a period of around 3 million years ago, using a collection of 17 climate models. It is an interesting period to study, as it saw similar atmospheric carbon dioxide levels to the present day. We find that the El Niño events were less strong in the mid-Pliocene simulations, when compared to pre-industrial climate. Our results could help to interpret El Niño behaviour in future climate projections.
Peter K. Bijl, Joost Frieling, Marlow Julius Cramwinckel, Christine Boschman, Appy Sluijs, and Francien Peterse
Clim. Past, 17, 2393–2425, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2393-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2393-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we use the latest insights for GDGT and dinocyst-based paleotemperature and paleoenvironmental reconstructions in late Cretaceous–early Oligocene sediments from ODP Site 1172 (East Tasman Plateau, Australia). We reconstruct strong river runoff during the Paleocene–early Eocene, a progressive decline thereafter with increased wet/dry seasonality in the northward-drifting hinterland. Our critical review leaves the anomalous warmth of the Eocene SW Pacific Ocean unexplained.
Cited articles
Anderson, D. M., Lively, J. J., Reardon, E. M., and Price, C. A.: Sinking
characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts, Limnol. Oceanogr., 30, 1000–1009,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1985.30.5.1000, 1985. a
Ankerst, M., Breunig, M. M., Kriegel, H.-P., and Sander, J.: OPTICS: Ordering
Points to Identify the Clustering Structure OPTICS, SCM Sigmod Rec., 2, 49–60, https://doi.org/10.1145/304182.304187, 1999. a
Bettencourt, J. H., López, C., and Hernández-garcía, E.:
Oceanic three-dimensional Lagrangian coherent structures: A study of a
mesoscale eddy in the Benguela upwelling region, Ocean Model., 51, 73–83,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.04.004, 2012. a
Bettencourt, J. H., López, C., Hernández-garcía, E., Montes, I., Sudre, J., Dewitte, B., Paulmier, A., and Garçon, V.: Boundaries of the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone shaped by coherent mesoscale dynamics, Nat. Geosci., 8, 937–941, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2570, 2015. a
Bower, A., Lozier, S., Biastoch, A., Drouin, K., Foukal, N., Furey, H.,
Lankhorst, M., Ruhs, S., and Zou, S.: Lagrangian Views of the Pathways of
the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans,
124, 5313–5335, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015014, 2019. a
Braak, C. J. F. F. and Verdonkschot, P. F. M. M.: Canonical correspondence
analysis and related multivariate methods in aquatic ecology, Aquat. Sci., 57, 255–289, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00877430, 1995. a
Canals, M., Pham, C. K., Bergmann, M., Gutow, L., Hanke, G., van Sebille, E.,
Angiolillo, M., Buhl-Mortensen, L., Cau, A., Ioakeimidis, C., Kammann, U.,
and Lundsten, L.: The quest for seafloor macrolitter: A critical review of
background knowledge, current methods and future prospects, Environ. Res.
Lett., 16, 023001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc6d4, 2020. a
Chang, H., Huntley, H. S., Kirwan Jr., A. D., Lipphardt Jr., B. L., and
Sulman, M. H. M.: Transport structures in a 3D periodic flow, Commun. Nonlin. Sci. Numer. Simul., 61, 84–103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2018.01.014, 2018. a
Clarke, K. R.: Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community
structure, Aust. J. Ecol., 18, 117–143, 1993. a
Coachman, L. K. and Aagaard, K.: Transports Through Bering Strait' Annual and
Interannual Variability, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 535–539, 1988. a
de la Fuente, R., Drótos, G., Hernández-García, E., López, C., and van Sebille, E.: Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea, Ocean Sci., 17, 431–453, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-431-2021, 2021. a
Döös, K., Nycander, J., and Coward, A. C.: Lagrangian decomposition of the Deacon Cell, J. Geophys. Res., 113, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004351, 2008. a
Drake, H. F., Morrison, A. K., Griffies, S. M., Sarmiento, J. L., Weijer, W.,
and Gray, A. R.: Lagrangian Timescales of Southern Ocean Upwelling in a
Hierarchy of Model Resolutions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 891–898,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076045, 2018. a
Drótos, G., Monroy, P., Hernández-garcía, E., and López, C.: Inhomogeneities and caustics in the sedimentation of noninertial particles in incompressible flows, Chaos, 29, 013115,
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5024356, 2019. a
Dufour, C. O., Griffies, S. M., Souza, G. F., Frenger, I., Morrison, A. K.,
Palter, J. B., Sarmiento, J. L., Galbraith, E. D., Dunne, J. P., Anderson, W. G., and Slater, R. D.: Role of Mesoscale Eddies in Cross-Frontal Transport of Heat and Biogeochemical Tracers in the Southern Ocean, J. Phys. Ocean., 45, 3057–3081, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0240.1, 2015. a
Eaton, J. K. and Fessler, J. R.: Preferential concentration of particles by
turbulence, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 20, 169–209, 1994. a
Esper, O. and Zonneveld, K. A. F.: The potential of organic-walled
dinoflagellate cysts for the reconstruction of past sea-surface conditions in
the Southern Ocean, Mar. Micropaleontol., 65, 185–212,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.07.002, 2007. a, b
Ester, M., Kriegel, H.-P., Sander, J., and Xu, X.: A Density-Based Algorithm
for Discovering Clusters in Large Spatial Databases with Noise, KDD, 226–231, https://www.aaai.org/Papers/KDD/1996/KDD96-037.pdf (last access: 14 February 2022), 1996. a
Fenton, I. S., Pearson, P. N., Jones, T. D., and Purvis, A.: Environmental
Predictors of Diversity in Recent Planktonic Foraminifera as Recorded in
Marine Sediments, PLoS One, 11, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165522,
2016. a
Fischer, J., Karstensen, J., Oltmanns, M., and Schmidtko, S.: Mean circulation and EKE distribution in the Labrador Sea Water level of the subpolar North Atlantic, Ocean Sci., 14, 1167–1183, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-1167-2018, 2018. a
Fouss, F., Saerens, M., and Shimbo, M.: Classical Multidimensional Scaling:
Basic Notions, in: Algorithms Model. Netw. Data Link Anal., chap. 10.3,
Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9781316418321, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316418321, 2016. a
Fraser, C. I., Morrison, A. K., Hogg, A. M., Macaya, E. C., Sebille, E. V.,
Ryan, P. G., Padovan, A., Jack, C., Valdivia, N., and Waters, J. M.:
Antarctica's ecological isolation will be broken by storm-driven dispersal
and warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 8, 704–708, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0209-7, 2018. a
Fratantoni, D. M.: North Atlantic surface circulation during the 1990's observed with satellite-tracked drifters, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 22067–22093, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000730, 2001. a
Froyland, G., Padberg, K., England, M. H., and Treguier, A. M.: Detection of
Coherent Oceanic Structures via Transfer Operators, Phys. Rev. Lett., 224503, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.224503, 2007. a
Froyland, G., Stuart, R. M., and van Sebille, E.: How well-connected is the
surface of the global ocean?, Chaos, 24, 0–10, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4892530, 2014. a, b, c, d
Ganssen, G. and Kroon, D.: Evidence for Red Sea surface circulation from
oxygen isotopes of modern surface waters and planktonic foraminiferal tests,
Paleoceanography, 6, 73–82, https://doi.org/10.1029/90PA01976, 1991. a
Garcia, H. E., Locarnini, R. A., Boyer, T. P., Antonov, J. I., Baranova, O. K., Zweng, M. M., Reagan, J. R., and Johnson, D. R.: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 76, WORLD Ocean ATLAS 2013, https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/14850 (last access:
14 February 2022), 2013. a
Hellweger, F. L.: Biogegraphic patterns in ocean microbes emerge in a natural
agent-based model, Science, 345, 1346–1349, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254421, 2014. a
Hohmann, S., Kucera, M., and Vernal, A. D.: Identifying the signature of
sea-surface properties in dinocyst assemblages: Implications for
quantitative palaeoceanographical reconstructions by transfer functions and
analogue techniques, Mar. Micropaleontol., 159, 101816,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.101816, 2019. a, b
Jonkers, L., Hillebrand, H., and Kucera, M.: Global change drives modern
plankton communities away from the pre-industrial state, Nature, 372,
372–382, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1230-3, 2019. a, b
Jonnson, B. F. and Watson, J. R.: The timescales of global surface-ocean
connectivity, Nat. Commun., 7, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11239, 2016. a, b
Katsman, C. A., Dijfhout, S. S., Dijkstra, H. A., and Spall, M. A.: Sinking of Dense North Atlantic Waters in a Global Ocean Model: Location and Controls, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 124, 3563–3576, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013329, 2018. a
Kooi, M., Nes, E. H. V., Scheffer, M., and Koelmans, A. A.: Ups and Downs in
the Ocean: Effects of Biofouling on Vertical Transport of Microplastics,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 7963–7971, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04702, 2017. a
Lange, M. and Sebille, E. V.: Parcels v0.9: Prototyping a Lagrangian ocean
analysis framework for the petascale age, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4175–4186, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4175-2017, 2017. a
Lebreton, L. C., Greer, S. D., and Borrero, J. C.: Numerical modelling of
floating debris in the world's oceans, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 64, 653–661,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.027, 2012. a
Lima-Mendez, G., Faust, K., Henry, N., Decelle, J., Colin, S., Carcillo, F.,
Chaffron, S., Ignacio-espinosa, J. C., Roux, S., Vincent, F., and Bittner, L.: Determinants of community structure in the global plankton interactome,
Science, 348, 1–10, 2015. a
Locarnini, R. A., Mishonov, A. V., Antonov, J. I., Boyer, T. P., Garcia, H. E., Baranova, O. K., Zweng, M. M., Paver, C. R., Reagan, J. R., Johnson, D. R., Hamilton, M., and Seidov, D.: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 73, WORLD Ocean ATLAS 2013, https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/14847 (last access: 14 February 2022), 2013. a
Logan, B. E. and Wilkinson, D. B.: Fractal geometry of marine snow and other
biological aggregates, Limnol. Oceanogr., 35, 130–136, 1990. a
Marret, F., Bradley, L., Vernal, A. D., Hardy, W., Kim, S.-Y., Mudie, P.,
Penaud, A., Pospelova, V., Price, A. M., Radi, T., and Rochon, A.: From bi-polar to regional distribution of modern dinoflagellate cysts, an overview of their biogeography, Mar. Micropaleontol., 195, 101753, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.101753, 2019. a, b
Masumoto, Y., Sasaki, H., Kagimoto, T., Komori, N., Ishida, A., Sasai, Y.,
Miyama, T., Motoi, T., Mitsudera, H., Takahashi, K., Sakuma, H., and Yamagata, T.: A Fifty-Year Eddy-Resolving Simulation of the World Ocean –
Preliminary Outcomes of OFES (OGCM for the Earth Simulator), J. Earth
Simulat., 1, 35–56, 2004. a
McAdam, R. and van Sebille, E.: Surface Connectivity and Interocean Exchanges
From Drifter-Based Transition Matrices, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123, 514–532, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013363, 2018. a
Meilland, J., Howa, H., Hulot, V., Demangel, I., Salaün, J., and Garlan, T.: Population dynamics of modern planktonic foraminifera in the western Barents Sea, Biogeosciences, 17, 1437–1450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1437-2020, 2020. a
Mitchell, J. G., Yamazaki, H., Seuront, L., Wolk, F., and Li, H.:
Phytoplankton patch patterns: Seascape anatomy in a turbulent ocean, J. Mar. Syst., 69, 247–253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.01.019, 2008. a
Mollenhauer, G., Eglinton, T. I., Ohkouchi, N., Schneider, R. R., Müller,
P. J., Grootes, P. M., and Rullkötter, J.: Asynchronous alkenone and
foraminifera records from the Benguela Upwelling System, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Ac., 67, 2157–2171, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00168-6, 2003. a
Monroy, P., Hernández-García, E., Rossi, V., and López, C.: Modeling the dynamical sinking of biogenic particles in oceanic flow, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 293–305, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-293-2017, 2017. a
Monroy, P., Drótos, G., Hernández-garcía, E., and López, C.: Spatial Inhomogeneities in the Sedimentation of Biogenic Particles in Ocean Flows: Analysis in the Benguela Region, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 124, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015016, 2019. a
Morey, A., Mix, A. C., and Pisias, N. G.: Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages preserved in surface sediments correspond to multiple environment variables, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 24, 925–950, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.09.011, 2005.
a
Morris, E. K., Caruso, T., Fischer, M., Hancock, C., Obermaier, E., Prati, D., Maier, T. S., Meiners, T., Caroline, M., Wubet, T., Wurst, S., Matthias, C., Socher, A., Sonnemann, I., and Nicole, W.: Choosing and using diversity
indices : insights for ecological applications from the German Biodiversity
Exploratories, Ecol. Evol., 4, 3514–3524, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1155, 2014. a
Moum, J. N., Perlin, A., Nash, J. D., and Mcphaden, M. J.: Seasonal sea surface cooling in the equatorial Pacific cold tongue controlled by ocean mixing, Nature, 500, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12363, 2013. a
Nelson, G. and Hutchings, L.: The Benguela Upwelling Area, Prog. Ocean., 12,
333–356, 1983. a
Nooteboom, P. D.: pdnooteboom/ClusterSinkingParticles: Code for `Sedimentary microplankton distributions are shaped by oceanographically connected areas' by P. D. Nooteboom et al. (Version v1), Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6077838, 2022a. a
Nooteboom, P. D.: Planktondrift [data set], https://planktondrift.science.uu.nl/ (last access: 14 February 2022), 2022b. a
Nooteboom, P. D., Bijl, P. K., van Sebille, E., von der Heydt, A. S., and
Dijkstra, H. A.: Transport Bias by Ocean Currents in Sedimentary Microplankton Assemblages: Implications for Paleoceanographic Reconstructions, Paleoceanogr. Paleocl., 34, 1178–1194, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003606, 2019. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k
Nooteboom, P. D., Delandmeter, P., Sebille, E. V., Bijl, P. K., Dijkstra,
H. A., and von der Heydt, A. S.: Resolution dependency of sinking Lagrangian
particles in ocean general circulation models, PLoS One, 15, 1–16,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238650, 2020. a, b, c, d
Onink, V., Wichmann, D., Delandmeter, P., and van Sebille, E.: The Role of
Ekman Currents, Geostrophy, and Stokes Drift in the Accumulation of Floating Microplastic, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 124, 1474–1490, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014547, 2019. a
Ottens, J. J. and Nederbragt, A. J.: Planktic foraminiferal diversity as
indicator of ocean environments, Mar. Micropaleontol., 19, 13–28, 1992. a
Pickart, R. S., Straneo, F., and Moore, G. W. K.: Is Labrador Sea Water formed in the Irminger basin?, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 50, 23–52, 2003. a
Prebble, J. G., Crouch, E. M., Carter, L., Cortese, G., Bostock, H., and Neil, H.: An expanded modern dinoflagellate cyst dataset for the Southwest Pacific and Southern Hemisphere with environmental associations, Mar.
Micropaleontol., 101, 33–48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2013.04.004, 2013. a
Rebotim, A., Voelker, A. H. L., Jonkers, L., Waniek, J. J., Meggers, H.,
Schiebel, R., Fraile, I., Schulz, M., and Kucera, M.: Factors controlling
the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North
Atlantic, Biogeosciences, 14, 827–859, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-827-2017, 2017. a
Sasaki, H., Nonaka, M., Masumoto, Y., Sasai, Y., Uehara, H., and Sakuma, H.:
An Eddy-Resolving Hindcast Simulation of the Quasiglobal Ocean from 1950 to 2003 on the Earth Simulator, in: High Resolut. Numer. Model. Atmos. Ocean, chap. 10, edited by: Hamilton, K. and Ohfuchi, W., Springer, New York, 157–185, ISBN 978-0-387-36671-5, e-ISBN 978-0-387-49791-4, 2008. a
Shannon, C. E.: A mathematical theory of communication, Bell Syst. Tech. J., 27, 379–423, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x, 1948. a
Shi, J. and Jitendra, M.: Normalized Cuts and Image Segmentation, IEEE T.
Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel., 22, 888–905, 2000. a
Siccha, M. and Kucera, M.: Data Descriptor: ForCenS, a curated database of
planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples,
Sci. Data, 4, 170109, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.109, 2017. a, b
Tamsitt, V., Drake, H. F., Morrison, A. K., Talley, L. D., Dufour, C. O., Gray, A. R., Grif, S. M., Mazloff, M. R., Sarmiento, J. L., Wang, J., and Weijer, W.: Spiraling pathways of global deep waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean, Nat. Commun., 8, 1994–2017, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00197-0, 2017. a
Tamsitt, V., Abernathey, R. P., Mazloff, M. R., Wang, J., and Talley, L. D.:
Oceans Upwelling Pathways in the Southern Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123, 1994–2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013409, 2018. a
Taylor, B. J., Rae, J. W. B., Gray, W. R., Darling, K. F., Burke, A., Gersonde, R., Abelmann, A., Maier, E., Esper, O., and Ziveri, P.: Distribution and ecology of planktic foraminifera in the North Pacific: Implications for paleo-reconstructions, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 191, 256–274,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.006, 2018. a
Telford, R. J. and Kucera, M.: Mismatch between the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera and the calibration depth of SST transfer functions
may bias reconstructions, Clim. Past, 9, 859–870,
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-859-2013, 2013. a
Tierney, J. E. and Tingley, M. P.: A TEX86 surface sediment database and
extended Bayesian calibration, Sci. Data, 2, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.29, 2015. a
Tierney, J. E. and Tingley, M. P.: BAYSPLINE: A New Calibration for the
Alkenone Paleothermometer, Paleoceanogr. Paleocl., 33, 281–301, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017PA003201, 2018. a, b
Tierney, J. E., Zhu, J., King, J., Malevich, S. B., Hakim, G. J., and Poulsen, C. J.: Glacial cooling and climate sensitivity revisited, Nature, 584, 569–585, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2617-x, 2020. a
van Sebille, E., England, M. H., and Froyland, G.: Origin, dynamics and
evolution of ocean garbage patches from observed surface drifters, Environ.
Res. Lett., 7, 044040, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044040, 2012. a
van Sebille, E., Wilcox, C., Lebreton, L., Maximenko, N., Hardesty, B. D., van Franeker, J. A., Eriksen, M., Siegel, D., Galgani, F., and Law, K. L.: A
global inventory of small floating plastic debris, Environ. Res. Lett., 10, 124006, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124006, 2015b. a
Wichmann, D., Kehl, C., Dijkstra, H. A., and van Sebille, E.: Detecting flow features in scarce trajectory data using networks derived from symbolic itineraries: an application to surface drifters in the North Atlantic, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 27, 501–518, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-27-501-2020, 2020.
a, b
Wichmann, D., Kehl, C., Dijkstra, H. A., and van Sebille, E.: Ordering of trajectories reveals hierarchical finite-time coherent sets in Lagrangian particle data: detecting Agulhas rings in the South Atlantic Ocean, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 28, 43–59, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-28-43-2021, 2021. a
Wilkins, D., Sebille, E. V., Rintoul, S. R., Lauro, F. M., and Cavicchioli, R.: Advection shapes Southern Ocean microbial environment effects, Nat.
Commun., 4, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3457, 2013.
a, b
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Susek, E., and Fischer, G.: Seasonal variability of the
organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst production in the coastal upwelling region
off cape blanc (mauritania): A five-year survey, J. Phycol., 46, 202–215,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00799.x, 2010. a
Short summary
Having descended through the water column, microplankton in ocean sediments represents the ocean surface environment and is used as an archive of past and present surface oceanographic conditions. However, this microplankton is advected by turbulent ocean currents during its sinking journey. We use simulations of sinking particles to define ocean bottom provinces and detect these provinces in datasets of sedimentary microplankton, which has implications for palaeoclimate reconstructions.
Having descended through the water column, microplankton in ocean sediments represents the ocean...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint