Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-181-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-181-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review
| 
10 Feb 2026
Review |
| 10 Feb 2026
| 10 Feb 2026
A global perspective on past and future change in regional seasonal cycle shape
Eva Holtanová
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 180 00, Czech Republic
Jan Koláček
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
Lukas Brunner
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Research Unit Sustainability and Climate Risk, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
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This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
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This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
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This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
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We introduce Functional Data Analysis (FDA) as a new approach to diagnose changes in the temperature seasonal cycle. FDA allows the analysis without needing any prior assumptions about the cycle shape. We evaluate past and future changes based on two reanalyses and five CMIP6 models. We discuss regions of robust changes with datasets’ agreement, e.g., a delayed maximum in the south and east of Europe, while highlighting areas of larger dataset differences, mainly in polar and equatorial regions.
We introduce Functional Data Analysis (FDA) as a new approach to diagnose changes in the...
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