Articles | Volume 15, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1509-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1509-2024
Research article
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28 Nov 2024
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 28 Nov 2024

Cross-scale causal information flow from the El Niño–Southern Oscillation to precipitation in eastern China

Yasir Latif, Kaiyu Fan, Geli Wang, and Milan Paluš

Data sets

ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.f17050d7

Global analyses of Sea Surface Temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century (https://psl.noaa.gov/gcos_wgsp/Timeseries/Data/nino34.long.data) N. A. Rayner et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002670

Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, Validations, and Intercomparisons (https://origin.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ONI_v5.php) B. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0836.1

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Chief editor
Precipitation predictability is a complex subject, given the spatiotemporal complexity of the relevant mechanisms and interactions. This paper provides a clear and relevant contribution on the topic of precipitation predictability, grounded in causal inference approaches. Although the focus of the study is regional, the methodology is flexible and can serve as working example for guiding further research on the topic in other geographical domains.
Short summary
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a gigantic natural orchestra playing with the temperature of Pacific waters and influencing air temperature and rainfall worldwide. Naturally, the “loudness” or amplitude of ENSO has effects on climate; however, consonance of its various tones, or phases of different ENSO oscillatory components, can exert causal effects on rainfall in some areas in China. In different regions, different aspects of ENSO dynamics can predict rainfall amounts.
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