Earth System Dynamics
Earth System Dynamics
ESD
Articles | Volume 17, issue 5
Articles | Volume 17, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-1529-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-1529-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 17, issue 5
Perspective
 | 
09 Oct 2026
Perspective |  | 09 Oct 2026

Can we define climate by means of an ensemble? A tale of time scales of convergence

Gábor Drótos and Tamás Bódai

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Short summary
Climate and its change is of central importance to science and human society in general. However, it appears to us that a satisfactory definition of climate has not yet appeared in the literature. We attempt to introduce one which is based on an ensemble of realizations and satisfies uniqueness. Within this framework, it also attends to different time scales of relevance, a well-established treatment of which is the main novelty of our work.
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Theoretical and computational aspects of ensemble design,...
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