Articles | Volume 16, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1103-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1103-2025
Research article
 | 
17 Jul 2025
Research article |  | 17 Jul 2025

Earth's future climate and its variability simulated at 9 km global resolution

Ja-Yeon Moon, Jan Streffing, Sun-Seon Lee, Tido Semmler, Miguel Andrés-Martínez, Jiao Chen, Eun-Byeoul Cho, Jung-Eun Chu, Christian L. E. Franzke, Jan P. Gärtner, Rohit Ghosh, Jan Hegewald, Songyee Hong, Dae-Won Kim, Nikolay Koldunov, June-Yi Lee, Zihao Lin, Chao Liu, Svetlana N. Loza, Wonsun Park, Woncheol Roh, Dmitry V. Sein, Sahil Sharma, Dmitry Sidorenko, Jun-Hyeok Son, Malte F. Stuecker, Qiang Wang, Gyuseok Yi, Martina Zapponini, Thomas Jung, and Axel Timmermann

Data sets

Code and data for reproducing figures with AW-CM3 HR simulations in J.-Y. Moon et al. "Earth's Future Climate and its Variability simulated at 9 km global resolution", Climate data server of the IBS Center for Climate Physics J.-Y. Moon et al. https://doi.org/10.22741/ICCP.20240001

ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.f17050d7

Ultra-high-resolution climate simulation project A. Timmermann et al. https://doi.org/10.22741/iccp.20200001

Model code and software

Modifications to use OpenIFS CY43R3V1 for AWI-CM3 version 3.0 J. Streffing and U. Fladich https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6335498

FESOM/fesom2: AWI-CM3 version 3.1 (AWI-CM3_v3.1) P Scholz et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6714838

XIOS 2.0 (Revision 1297) Y. Meurdesoif https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4905653

EC-Earth community runoff-mapper scheme K. Wyser https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6335474

Esm_tools_release3_as_used_by_AWI-CM3_paper D. Barbi et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6335309

Video supplement

Supplementary videos with AW-CM3 HR simulations in J.-Y. Moon et al. "Earth's Future Climate and its Variability simulated at 9 km global resolution" Climate data server of the IBS Center for Climate Physics, Ja-Yeon Moon et al. https://doi.org/10.22741/ICCP.20240002

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Short summary
Based on a series of storm-resolving greenhouse warming simulations conducted with the AWI-CM3 model at 9 km global atmosphere and 4–25 km ocean resolution, we present new projections of regional climate change, modes of climate variability, and extreme events. The 10-year-long high-resolution simulations for the 2000s, 2030s, 2060s, and 2090s were initialized from a coarser-resolution transient run (31 km atmosphere) which follows the SSP5-8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenario from 1950–2100 CE.
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