Articles | Volume 12, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-1427-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-1427-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Extreme metrics from large ensembles: investigating the effects of ensemble size on their estimates
Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
Kalyn Dorheim
Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA
Michael Wehner
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
Ruby Leung
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 4,489 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 06 Jul 2021)
HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,546 | 845 | 98 | 4,489 | 81 | 78 |
- HTML: 3,546
- PDF: 845
- XML: 98
- Total: 4,489
- BibTeX: 81
- EndNote: 78
Total article views: 3,549 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 06 Dec 2021)
HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2,925 | 543 | 81 | 3,549 | 71 | 70 |
- HTML: 2,925
- PDF: 543
- XML: 81
- Total: 3,549
- BibTeX: 71
- EndNote: 70
Total article views: 940 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 06 Jul 2021)
HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
621 | 302 | 17 | 940 | 10 | 8 |
- HTML: 621
- PDF: 302
- XML: 17
- Total: 940
- BibTeX: 10
- EndNote: 8
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,489 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,308 with geography defined
and 181 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,549 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,411 with geography defined
and 138 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 940 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 897 with geography defined
and 43 with unknown origin.
Country | # | Views | % |
---|
Country | # | Views | % |
---|
Country | # | Views | % |
---|
Total: | 0 |
HTML: | 0 |
PDF: | 0 |
XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Total: | 0 |
HTML: | 0 |
PDF: | 0 |
XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Total: | 0 |
HTML: | 0 |
PDF: | 0 |
XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Uncertainty-informed selection of CMIP6 Earth system model subsets for use in multisectoral and impact models A. Snyder et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1301-2024
- Modeling 2020 regulatory changes in international shipping emissions helps explain anomalous 2023 warming I. Quaglia & D. Visioni 10.5194/esd-15-1527-2024
- Assessment of solar geoengineering impact on precipitation and temperature extremes in the Muda River Basin, Malaysia using CMIP6 SSP and GeoMIP6 G6 simulations M. Tan et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174817
- Indices of extremes: geographic patterns of change in extremes and associated vegetation impacts under climate intervention M. Tye et al. 10.5194/esd-13-1233-2022
- Uncertainty separation of drought projection in the 21st century using SMILEs and CMIP6 Y. Ji et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130497
- Changing effects of external forcing on Atlantic–Pacific interactions S. Karmouche et al. 10.5194/esd-15-689-2024
- CropSuite v1.0 – a comprehensive open-source crop suitability model considering climate variability for climate impact assessment F. Zabel et al. 10.5194/gmd-18-1067-2025
- Climate-aware decision-making: lessons for electric grid infrastructure planning and operations A. Brockway et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac7815
- Attributing and Projecting Heatwaves Is Hard: We Can Do Better G. Van Oldenborgh et al. 10.1029/2021EF002271
- Assessing Outcomes in Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Scenarios Shortly After Deployment D. Hueholt et al. 10.1029/2023EF003488
- Climate change impacts on crop yields: A review of empirical findings, statistical crop models, and machine learning methods T. Hu et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106119
- On the uncertainty of long-period return values of extreme daily precipitation M. Wehner et al. 10.3389/fclim.2024.1343072
- A range of outcomes: the combined effects of internal variability and anthropogenic forcing on regional climate trends over Europe C. Deser & A. Phillips 10.5194/npg-30-63-2023
- Reliability of simulating internal precipitation variability over multi‐timescales using multiple global climate model large ensembles in China J. Liu et al. 10.1002/joc.8210
- Evaluating an Earth system model from a water manager perspective M. Tye et al. 10.5194/hess-29-1117-2025
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Uncertainty-informed selection of CMIP6 Earth system model subsets for use in multisectoral and impact models A. Snyder et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1301-2024
- Modeling 2020 regulatory changes in international shipping emissions helps explain anomalous 2023 warming I. Quaglia & D. Visioni 10.5194/esd-15-1527-2024
- Assessment of solar geoengineering impact on precipitation and temperature extremes in the Muda River Basin, Malaysia using CMIP6 SSP and GeoMIP6 G6 simulations M. Tan et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174817
- Indices of extremes: geographic patterns of change in extremes and associated vegetation impacts under climate intervention M. Tye et al. 10.5194/esd-13-1233-2022
- Uncertainty separation of drought projection in the 21st century using SMILEs and CMIP6 Y. Ji et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130497
- Changing effects of external forcing on Atlantic–Pacific interactions S. Karmouche et al. 10.5194/esd-15-689-2024
- CropSuite v1.0 – a comprehensive open-source crop suitability model considering climate variability for climate impact assessment F. Zabel et al. 10.5194/gmd-18-1067-2025
- Climate-aware decision-making: lessons for electric grid infrastructure planning and operations A. Brockway et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac7815
- Attributing and Projecting Heatwaves Is Hard: We Can Do Better G. Van Oldenborgh et al. 10.1029/2021EF002271
- Assessing Outcomes in Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Scenarios Shortly After Deployment D. Hueholt et al. 10.1029/2023EF003488
- Climate change impacts on crop yields: A review of empirical findings, statistical crop models, and machine learning methods T. Hu et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106119
- On the uncertainty of long-period return values of extreme daily precipitation M. Wehner et al. 10.3389/fclim.2024.1343072
- A range of outcomes: the combined effects of internal variability and anthropogenic forcing on regional climate trends over Europe C. Deser & A. Phillips 10.5194/npg-30-63-2023
- Reliability of simulating internal precipitation variability over multi‐timescales using multiple global climate model large ensembles in China J. Liu et al. 10.1002/joc.8210
- Evaluating an Earth system model from a water manager perspective M. Tye et al. 10.5194/hess-29-1117-2025
Latest update: 13 Mar 2025
Short summary
We address the question of how large an initial condition ensemble of climate model simulations should be if we are concerned with accurately projecting future changes in temperature and precipitation extremes. We find that for most cases (and both models considered), an ensemble of 20–25 members is sufficient for many extreme metrics, spatial scales and time horizons. This may leave computational resources to tackle other uncertainties in climate model simulations with our ensembles.
We address the question of how large an initial condition ensemble of climate model simulations...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint