Earth System Dynamics
Earth System Dynamics
ESD
Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-41-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-41-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
Research article
 | 
07 Jan 2026
Research article |  | 07 Jan 2026

Seamless climate information from months to multiple years: constraining decadal predictions with seasonal predictions and past observations, and their comparison to multi-annual predictions

Carlos Delgado-Torres, Markus G. Donat, Núria Pérez-Zanón, Verónica Torralba, Roberto Bilbao, Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière, Margarida Samsó-Cabré, Albert Soret, and Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes

Viewed

Total article views: 2,012 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total Supplement BibTeX EndNote
1,691 283 38 2,012 165 52 44
  • HTML: 1,691
  • PDF: 283
  • XML: 38
  • Total: 2,012
  • Supplement: 165
  • BibTeX: 52
  • EndNote: 44
Views and downloads (calculated since 11 Aug 2025)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Aug 2025)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 2,012 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 1,907 with geography defined and 105 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 
Latest update: 10 Feb 2026
Download
Short summary
Many decisions require consistent climate information from seasonal to multi-year timescales. We assess seamless forecasts created by constraining seasonal and decadal predictions and compare them with initialised multi-annual forecasts. Multi-annual predictions provide the highest skill, but constrained forecasts still perform well and offer a low-cost, regularly updatable solution for delivering coherent climate information.
Read more
Share
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint