Articles | Volume 16, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1671-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-1671-2025
Research article
 | 
10 Oct 2025
Research article |  | 10 Oct 2025

Sensitivity of winter Arctic amplification in NorESM2

Lise Seland Graff, Jerry Tjiputra, Ada Gjermundsen, Andreas Born, Jens Boldingh Debernard, Heiko Goelzer, Yan-Chun He, Petra Margaretha Langebroek, Aleksi Nummelin, Dirk Olivié, Øyvind Seland, Trude Storelvmo, Mats Bentsen, Chuncheng Guo, Andrea Rosendahl, Dandan Tao, Thomas Toniazzo, Camille Li, Stephen Outten, and Michael Schulz

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Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-472', Tido Semmler, 03 Apr 2025
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Lise Seland Graff, 15 May 2025
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-472', Anonymous Referee #2, 15 Apr 2025
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Lise Seland Graff, 15 May 2025

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload
ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (27 May 2025) by Kai Kornhuber
AR by Lise Seland Graff on behalf of the Authors (02 Jun 2025)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Publish as is (16 Jul 2025) by Kai Kornhuber
AR by Lise Seland Graff on behalf of the Authors (19 Jul 2025)
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Short summary
The magnitude of future Arctic amplification is highly uncertain. Using the Norwegian Earth System Model, we explore the effect of improving the representation of clouds, ocean eddies, the Greenland ice sheet, sea ice, and ozone on the projected Arctic winter warming in a coordinated experiment set. These improvements all lead to enhanced projected Arctic warming, with the largest changes found in the sea ice retreat regions and the largest uncertainty found on the Atlantic side.
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