Earth System Dynamics
Earth System Dynamics
ESD
Articles | Volume 10, issue 2
Articles | Volume 10, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-261-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-261-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 10, issue 2
Research article
 | 
24 Apr 2019
Research article |  | 24 Apr 2019

North Pacific subtropical sea surface temperature frontogenesis and its connection with the atmosphere above

Leying Zhang, Haiming Xu, Jing Ma, Ning Shi, and Jiechun Deng

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Latest update: 23 Oct 2025
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Short summary
Net heat flux dominates the frontogenesis of the NPSTF from October to December, while oceanic meridional temperature advection contributes equally as much or even more net heat flux in January and February. The atmosphere is critical to frontogenesis through net heat flux and the Aleutian low, the latter of which benefits meridional temperature advection.
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