Articles | Volume 9, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-167-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-167-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A new moisture tagging capability in the Weather Research and Forecasting model: formulation, validation and application to the 2014 Great Lake-effect snowstorm
Non-Linear Physics Group, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
Gonzalo Miguez-Macho
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Non-Linear Physics Group, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
Viewed
Total article views: 8,177 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Sep 2017)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6,256 | 1,723 | 198 | 8,177 | 199 | 234 |
- HTML: 6,256
- PDF: 1,723
- XML: 198
- Total: 8,177
- BibTeX: 199
- EndNote: 234
Total article views: 7,302 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 26 Feb 2018)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,770 | 1,362 | 170 | 7,302 | 188 | 217 |
- HTML: 5,770
- PDF: 1,362
- XML: 170
- Total: 7,302
- BibTeX: 188
- EndNote: 217
Total article views: 875 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Sep 2017)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 486 | 361 | 28 | 875 | 11 | 17 |
- HTML: 486
- PDF: 361
- XML: 28
- Total: 875
- BibTeX: 11
- EndNote: 17
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 8,177 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 7,932 with geography defined
and 245 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 7,302 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 7,066 with geography defined
and 236 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 875 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 866 with geography defined
and 9 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
66 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Implementation of water tracers in the Met Office Unified Model A. McLaren et al.
- Lateral terrestrial water flow contribution to summer precipitation at continental scale – A comparison between Europe and West Africa with WRF‐Hydro‐tag ensembles J. Arnault et al.
- US Corn Belt enhances regional precipitation recycling Z. Zhang et al.
- Recent decrease in summer precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula closely links to reduction in local moisture recycling Y. Liu et al.
- Understanding the Role of Tropical Moisture in Atmospheric Rivers H. Hu & F. Dominguez
- Moisture from US Corn Belt fuels more intense convective storms Z. Zhang et al.
- The Influence of Terrain Smoothing on Simulated Convective Boundary-Layer Depths in Mountainous Terrain G. Duine et al.
- How does greening affect the surface water budget in the Loess Plateau? Y. Yan et al.
- Large‐Scale Afforestation Enhances Precipitation by Intensifying the Atmospheric Water Cycle Over the Chinese Loess Plateau L. Tian et al.
- Contribution of atmospheric moisture transport to winter Arctic warming M. Hao et al.
- The Amazon and La Plata River Basins as Moisture Sources of South America: Climatology and Intraseasonal Variability D. Chug et al.
- Simultaneous Episodes of Heavy Rainfall in Morocco and Southern Alps: 1. Mesoscale Simulations and Episode Climatology (1979–2016) G. Gangoiti et al.
- Understanding Recycled Precipitation at Different Spatio‐Temporal Scales Over India: An Eulerian Water Tagging Approach A. Navale & L. Karthikeyan
- The role of extreme precipitation in driving the humidification of northwest China from 1961 to 2020 L. Hua et al.
- Assessing target areas for precipitating moisture source analysis of extratropical cyclones: An analysis based on case studies P. Coll-Hidalgo et al.
- Extreme precipitation events in the Mediterranean area: contrasting two different models for moisture source identification S. Cloux et al.
- Global asymmetries in the moisture origins of atmospheric river precipitation A. Crespo-Otero et al.
- Cold Season Performance of the NU-WRF Regional Climate Model in the Great Lakes Region M. Notaro et al.
- Quantifying the impact of large-scale afforestation on the atmospheric water cycle during rainy season over the Chinese Loess Plateau S. Chen et al.
- A unified framework to estimate the origins of atmospheric moisture and heat using Lagrangian models J. Keune et al.
- Patterns and influencing factors of water vapor transport in the Yujiang River Basin, Southern China, based on HYSPLIT-4 trajectory and cloud models Y. Tan et al.
- Triple oxygen isotope variability of precipitation in a tropical mountainous region L. Arellano et al.
- Changes in South American hydroclimate under projected Amazonian deforestation J. Eiras‐Barca et al.
- Impact of Lateral Terrestrial Water Flow on Land‐Atmosphere Interactions in the Heihe River Basin in China: Fully Coupled Modeling and Precipitation Recycling Analysis Z. Zhang et al.
- Amazonian Moisture Recycling Revisited Using WRF With Water Vapor Tracers F. Dominguez et al.
- Vegetation greening decrease water yield during the growing season over the Qinling-Daba Mountains in Central China Z. Li et al.
- Analysis of the main source regions of moisture transport events with the new ESA CCI/CM‐SAF total column water vapour climate data record (v2) J. Eiras‐Barca et al.
- Changes in Moisture Sources of Atmospheric Rivers Landfalling the Iberian Peninsula With WRF‐FLEXPART J. Fernández‐Alvarez et al.
- Simple physics-based adjustments reconcile the results of Eulerian and Lagrangian techniques for moisture tracking in atmospheric rivers A. Crespo-Otero et al.
- Local and remote moisture sources for extreme precipitation: a study of the two catastrophic 1982 western Mediterranean episodes D. Insua-Costa et al.
- North Atlantic Extratropical Cyclone Tracks and Lagrangian-Derived Moisture Uptake Dataset P. Coll-Hidalgo et al.
- The influence of moisture on precipitation patterns across the Western Tibetan Plateau and its response to sea surface temperature warming Y. Gao & H. Jiang
- Tagging moisture sources with Lagrangian and inertial tracers: application to intense atmospheric river events V. Pérez-Muñuzuri et al.
- Understanding precipitation recycling over the Tibetan Plateau using tracer analysis with WRF Y. Gao et al.
- Assessment of the origin of moisture for the precipitation of North Atlantic extratropical cyclones: Insights from downscaled ERA5 P. Coll-Hidalgo et al.
- Understanding the Distinct Impacts of MCS and Non-MCS Rainfall on the Surface Water Balance in the Central United States Using a Numerical Water-Tagging Technique H. Hu et al.
- Recent progress on the sources of continental precipitation as revealed by moisture transport analysis L. Gimeno et al.
- The sensitivity of the North American Monsoon to Gulf of California Sea surface temperatures B. Wallace & J. Minder
- Irrigation in the North China plain regulates the diurnal cycle of precipitation and regional water cycle Y. Song et al.
- Quantifying the Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Moisture Recycling With Convection‐Permitting WRF‐Tagging Modeling in the Agro‐Pastoral Ecotone of Northern China X. Wang et al.
- Impact of Amazonian deforestation on precipitation reverses between seasons Y. Qin et al.
- Warm Season Extreme Flood Events in the Midwestern US—Sources of Moisture and Physical Mechanisms S. Kim & F. Dominguez
- Structure of an Atmospheric River Over Australia and the Southern Ocean. Part I: Tropical and Midlatitude Water Vapor Fluxes R. Rauber et al.
- Convection-permitting fully coupled WRF-Hydro ensemble simulations in high mountain environment: impact of boundary layer- and lateral flow parameterizations on land–atmosphere interactions Z. Zhang et al.
- A Lagrangian Analysis of Water Vapor Sources and Pathways for Precipitation in East China in Different Stages of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Y. Shi et al.
- Investigating Land Surface Effects on the Moisture Transport over South America with a Moisture Tagging Model Z. Yang & F. Dominguez
- TROVA: TRansport Of water VApor J. Fernández-Alvarez et al.
- Recycling and transport of evapotranspiration over the Tibetan Plateau: Detected by a water vapour tracer method embedded in regional climate model Y. Tang et al.
- Comprehensive Lagrangian assessment of Canary Island precipitation moisture sources G. Alvarez-Socorro et al.
- The South Atlantic Ocean as a moisture source region and its relation with precipitation in South America I. Leyba et al.
- A Joint Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmospheric Water Tagging Procedure With WRF‐Hydro: Implementation and Application to the Case of Precipitation Partitioning in the Upper Danube River Basin J. Arnault et al.
- Future Changes in the Contribution of Gulf of Mexico-Caribbean Sea Moisture Source: Impacts on Regional Precipitation Patterns J. Fernandez-Alvarez et al.
- Refining the Lagrangian approach for moisture source identification through sensitivity testing of assumptions using BTrIMS1.1 Y. Mu et al.
- Revisiting Biophysical Impacts of Greening on Precipitation Over the Loess Plateau of China Using WRF With Water Vapor Tracers Y. Liu et al.
- Moisture Source Analysis of Two Case Studies of Major Extreme Precipitation Events in Summer in the Iberian Peninsula G. Alvarez-Socorro et al.
- Precipitation isotopes and monsoon dynamics in the core monsoon zone of India S. Chakraborty et al.
- The central role of forests in the 2021 European floods D. Insua-Costa et al.
- Understanding tropical cyclone persistence over land: a case study of cyclone Gulab A. Navale & L. Karthikeyan
- Towards an understanding of uncertainties in the Lagrangian analysis of moisture sources for tropical cyclone precipitation through a study case A. Pérez-Alarcón et al.
- Climatological comparison of continuous and reinitialized dynamical downscaling over the North Atlantic region B. Thomas et al.
- Atmospheric Basins: Identification of Quasi‐Independent Spatial Patterns in the Global Atmospheric Hydrological Cycle Via a Complex Network Approach Y. Zhang et al.
- On the assessment of the moisture transport by the Great Plains low-level jet I. Algarra et al.
- Two-Layer Dynamic Recycling Model (2L-DRM): Learning from Moisture Tracking Models of Different Complexity F. Dominguez et al.
- Moisture source variations for summer rainfall in different intensity classes over Huaihe River Valley, China Y. Liu et al.
- Dynamic downscaling of wind speed over the North Atlantic Ocean using CMIP6 projections: Implications for offshore wind power density J. Fernández-Alvarez et al.
- A global perspective on western Mediterranean precipitation extremes D. Insua-Costa et al.
66 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Implementation of water tracers in the Met Office Unified Model A. McLaren et al.
- Lateral terrestrial water flow contribution to summer precipitation at continental scale – A comparison between Europe and West Africa with WRF‐Hydro‐tag ensembles J. Arnault et al.
- US Corn Belt enhances regional precipitation recycling Z. Zhang et al.
- Recent decrease in summer precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula closely links to reduction in local moisture recycling Y. Liu et al.
- Understanding the Role of Tropical Moisture in Atmospheric Rivers H. Hu & F. Dominguez
- Moisture from US Corn Belt fuels more intense convective storms Z. Zhang et al.
- The Influence of Terrain Smoothing on Simulated Convective Boundary-Layer Depths in Mountainous Terrain G. Duine et al.
- How does greening affect the surface water budget in the Loess Plateau? Y. Yan et al.
- Large‐Scale Afforestation Enhances Precipitation by Intensifying the Atmospheric Water Cycle Over the Chinese Loess Plateau L. Tian et al.
- Contribution of atmospheric moisture transport to winter Arctic warming M. Hao et al.
- The Amazon and La Plata River Basins as Moisture Sources of South America: Climatology and Intraseasonal Variability D. Chug et al.
- Simultaneous Episodes of Heavy Rainfall in Morocco and Southern Alps: 1. Mesoscale Simulations and Episode Climatology (1979–2016) G. Gangoiti et al.
- Understanding Recycled Precipitation at Different Spatio‐Temporal Scales Over India: An Eulerian Water Tagging Approach A. Navale & L. Karthikeyan
- The role of extreme precipitation in driving the humidification of northwest China from 1961 to 2020 L. Hua et al.
- Assessing target areas for precipitating moisture source analysis of extratropical cyclones: An analysis based on case studies P. Coll-Hidalgo et al.
- Extreme precipitation events in the Mediterranean area: contrasting two different models for moisture source identification S. Cloux et al.
- Global asymmetries in the moisture origins of atmospheric river precipitation A. Crespo-Otero et al.
- Cold Season Performance of the NU-WRF Regional Climate Model in the Great Lakes Region M. Notaro et al.
- Quantifying the impact of large-scale afforestation on the atmospheric water cycle during rainy season over the Chinese Loess Plateau S. Chen et al.
- A unified framework to estimate the origins of atmospheric moisture and heat using Lagrangian models J. Keune et al.
- Patterns and influencing factors of water vapor transport in the Yujiang River Basin, Southern China, based on HYSPLIT-4 trajectory and cloud models Y. Tan et al.
- Triple oxygen isotope variability of precipitation in a tropical mountainous region L. Arellano et al.
- Changes in South American hydroclimate under projected Amazonian deforestation J. Eiras‐Barca et al.
- Impact of Lateral Terrestrial Water Flow on Land‐Atmosphere Interactions in the Heihe River Basin in China: Fully Coupled Modeling and Precipitation Recycling Analysis Z. Zhang et al.
- Amazonian Moisture Recycling Revisited Using WRF With Water Vapor Tracers F. Dominguez et al.
- Vegetation greening decrease water yield during the growing season over the Qinling-Daba Mountains in Central China Z. Li et al.
- Analysis of the main source regions of moisture transport events with the new ESA CCI/CM‐SAF total column water vapour climate data record (v2) J. Eiras‐Barca et al.
- Changes in Moisture Sources of Atmospheric Rivers Landfalling the Iberian Peninsula With WRF‐FLEXPART J. Fernández‐Alvarez et al.
- Simple physics-based adjustments reconcile the results of Eulerian and Lagrangian techniques for moisture tracking in atmospheric rivers A. Crespo-Otero et al.
- Local and remote moisture sources for extreme precipitation: a study of the two catastrophic 1982 western Mediterranean episodes D. Insua-Costa et al.
- North Atlantic Extratropical Cyclone Tracks and Lagrangian-Derived Moisture Uptake Dataset P. Coll-Hidalgo et al.
- The influence of moisture on precipitation patterns across the Western Tibetan Plateau and its response to sea surface temperature warming Y. Gao & H. Jiang
- Tagging moisture sources with Lagrangian and inertial tracers: application to intense atmospheric river events V. Pérez-Muñuzuri et al.
- Understanding precipitation recycling over the Tibetan Plateau using tracer analysis with WRF Y. Gao et al.
- Assessment of the origin of moisture for the precipitation of North Atlantic extratropical cyclones: Insights from downscaled ERA5 P. Coll-Hidalgo et al.
- Understanding the Distinct Impacts of MCS and Non-MCS Rainfall on the Surface Water Balance in the Central United States Using a Numerical Water-Tagging Technique H. Hu et al.
- Recent progress on the sources of continental precipitation as revealed by moisture transport analysis L. Gimeno et al.
- The sensitivity of the North American Monsoon to Gulf of California Sea surface temperatures B. Wallace & J. Minder
- Irrigation in the North China plain regulates the diurnal cycle of precipitation and regional water cycle Y. Song et al.
- Quantifying the Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Moisture Recycling With Convection‐Permitting WRF‐Tagging Modeling in the Agro‐Pastoral Ecotone of Northern China X. Wang et al.
- Impact of Amazonian deforestation on precipitation reverses between seasons Y. Qin et al.
- Warm Season Extreme Flood Events in the Midwestern US—Sources of Moisture and Physical Mechanisms S. Kim & F. Dominguez
- Structure of an Atmospheric River Over Australia and the Southern Ocean. Part I: Tropical and Midlatitude Water Vapor Fluxes R. Rauber et al.
- Convection-permitting fully coupled WRF-Hydro ensemble simulations in high mountain environment: impact of boundary layer- and lateral flow parameterizations on land–atmosphere interactions Z. Zhang et al.
- A Lagrangian Analysis of Water Vapor Sources and Pathways for Precipitation in East China in Different Stages of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Y. Shi et al.
- Investigating Land Surface Effects on the Moisture Transport over South America with a Moisture Tagging Model Z. Yang & F. Dominguez
- TROVA: TRansport Of water VApor J. Fernández-Alvarez et al.
- Recycling and transport of evapotranspiration over the Tibetan Plateau: Detected by a water vapour tracer method embedded in regional climate model Y. Tang et al.
- Comprehensive Lagrangian assessment of Canary Island precipitation moisture sources G. Alvarez-Socorro et al.
- The South Atlantic Ocean as a moisture source region and its relation with precipitation in South America I. Leyba et al.
- A Joint Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmospheric Water Tagging Procedure With WRF‐Hydro: Implementation and Application to the Case of Precipitation Partitioning in the Upper Danube River Basin J. Arnault et al.
- Future Changes in the Contribution of Gulf of Mexico-Caribbean Sea Moisture Source: Impacts on Regional Precipitation Patterns J. Fernandez-Alvarez et al.
- Refining the Lagrangian approach for moisture source identification through sensitivity testing of assumptions using BTrIMS1.1 Y. Mu et al.
- Revisiting Biophysical Impacts of Greening on Precipitation Over the Loess Plateau of China Using WRF With Water Vapor Tracers Y. Liu et al.
- Moisture Source Analysis of Two Case Studies of Major Extreme Precipitation Events in Summer in the Iberian Peninsula G. Alvarez-Socorro et al.
- Precipitation isotopes and monsoon dynamics in the core monsoon zone of India S. Chakraborty et al.
- The central role of forests in the 2021 European floods D. Insua-Costa et al.
- Understanding tropical cyclone persistence over land: a case study of cyclone Gulab A. Navale & L. Karthikeyan
- Towards an understanding of uncertainties in the Lagrangian analysis of moisture sources for tropical cyclone precipitation through a study case A. Pérez-Alarcón et al.
- Climatological comparison of continuous and reinitialized dynamical downscaling over the North Atlantic region B. Thomas et al.
- Atmospheric Basins: Identification of Quasi‐Independent Spatial Patterns in the Global Atmospheric Hydrological Cycle Via a Complex Network Approach Y. Zhang et al.
- On the assessment of the moisture transport by the Great Plains low-level jet I. Algarra et al.
- Two-Layer Dynamic Recycling Model (2L-DRM): Learning from Moisture Tracking Models of Different Complexity F. Dominguez et al.
- Moisture source variations for summer rainfall in different intensity classes over Huaihe River Valley, China Y. Liu et al.
- Dynamic downscaling of wind speed over the North Atlantic Ocean using CMIP6 projections: Implications for offshore wind power density J. Fernández-Alvarez et al.
- A global perspective on western Mediterranean precipitation extremes D. Insua-Costa et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 29 Apr 2026
Short summary
We present here a newly implemented water vapor tracer tool into the WRF meteorological model (WRF-WVT). A detailed validation shows high accuracy, with an error of much less than 1 % in moisture traceability. As an example application, we show that for the 2014 Great Lake-effect snowstorm, above 30 % of precipitation in the regions immediately downwind originated from lake evaporation, with contributions exceeding 50 % in the areas with highest snowfall accumulations.
We present here a newly implemented water vapor tracer tool into the WRF meteorological model...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint