Earth System Dynamics
Earth System Dynamics
ESD
Articles | Volume 17, issue 4
Articles | Volume 17, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-955-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-955-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 17, issue 4
Research article
 | 
13 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 13 Jul 2026

A multivariate analysis of atmospheric drivers for Western European heatwaves

Aytaç Paçal, Birgit Hassler, Katja Weigel, Miguel-Ángel Fernández-Torres, Gustau Camps-Valls, and Veronika Eyring

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Latest update: 13 Jul 2026
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Short summary
Heatwaves are among the deadliest natural hazards, yet their evolving atmospheric drivers remain unclear. We apply an unsupervised machine learning model to reanalysis data to identify multivariate heatwave patterns over Europe. The model captures seasonally distinct regimes and reveals significant shifts between historical and recent events across all seasons, highlighting changes in heatwave dynamics over time.
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