Articles | Volume 17, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-415-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-415-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review
| Highlight paper
| 
05 May 2026
Review | Highlight paper |
| 05 May 2026
| 05 May 2026
Large-scale atmospheric circulation and its impact on the Baltic Sea region: controls, predictability and consequences
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Itzel Ruvalcaba Baroni
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Research and Development, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Leonie Barghorn
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Leonard Borchert
Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bronwyn Cahill
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Cyril Dutheil
MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Sète, France
Leonie Esters
Institute of Geosciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Małgorzata Falarz
Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
Helena L. Filipsson
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Matthias Gröger
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Jari Hänninen
Archipelago Research Institute, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, 20014, Finland
Magnus Hieronymus
Department of Research and Development, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Erko Jakobson
Tartu Observatory, University of Tartu, Töravere, Estonia
Mehdi Pasha Karami
Department of Research and Development, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Karol Kuliński
Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot, Poland
Taavi Liblik
Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
H. E. Markus Meier
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Gabriele Messori
Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Swedish Centre for Impact of Climate Extremes (climes), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Lev Naumov
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Thomas Neumann
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Piia Post
Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Gregor Rehder
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Anna Rutgersson
Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Georg Sebastian Voelker
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
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Total article views: 1,738 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Editorial statement
This review is of interest to the whole Baltic Sea community and beyond as it can motivate future studies using the proposed framework to systematically investigate the impact of teleconnections across multiple time scales as well as analyzing both physical and biogeochemical processes hand in hand.
This review is of interest to the whole Baltic Sea community and beyond as it can motivate...
Short summary
This review explains how weather patterns, guided by the polar jet stream, influence the Baltic Sea’s climate and ecosystem. It covers the North Atlantic Oscillation, blocking events and other processes and discusses how they affect temperature, rainfall, and storms from days to decades. These shifts then impact oxygen levels, productivity, and acidification in the Baltic Sea. Physical links are fairly well known, but biogeochemical pathways remain uncertain.
This review explains how weather patterns, guided by the polar jet stream, influence the Baltic...
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