Articles | Volume 12, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-939-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-939-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review
| 
16 Sep 2021
Review |
| 16 Sep 2021
| 16 Sep 2021
Coupled regional Earth system modeling in the Baltic Sea region
Matthias Gröger
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Physical Oceanography and Instrumentation, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Christian Dieterich
Research and Development Department, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
deceased
Jari Haapala
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Ha Thi Minh Ho-Hagemann
Institute of Coastal Systems – Analysis and Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
Stefan Hagemann
Institute of Coastal Systems – Analysis and Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
Jaromir Jakacki
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot, Poland
Wilhelm May
Centre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
H. E. Markus Meier
Department of Physical Oceanography and Instrumentation, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Research and Development Department, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Paul A. Miller
Centre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden
Anna Rutgersson
Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Lichuan Wu
Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Total article views: 5,174 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Total article views: 3,891 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,727 with geography defined
and 164 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,283 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,161 with geography defined
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Human impacts and their interactions in the Baltic Sea region M. Reckermann et al. 10.5194/esd-13-1-2022
- Biogeochemical functioning of the Baltic Sea K. Kuliński et al. 10.5194/esd-13-633-2022
- Flux coupling approach on an exchange grid for the IOW Earth System Model (version 1.04.00) of the Baltic Sea region S. Karsten et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-1689-2024
- Atmospheric rivers in CMIP5 climate ensembles downscaled with a high-resolution regional climate model M. Gröger et al. 10.5194/esd-13-613-2022
- Atmospheric regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea region until 2100 O. Christensen et al. 10.5194/esd-13-133-2022
- Natural hazards and extreme events in the Baltic Sea region A. Rutgersson et al. 10.5194/esd-13-251-2022
- Overview: The Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR) H. Meier et al. 10.5194/esd-14-519-2023
- Added value of including waves into a coupled atmosphere–ocean model system within the North Sea area S. Grayek et al. 10.3389/fmars.2023.1104027
- Toward Systematic Literature Reviews in Hydrological Sciences D. De León Pérez et al. 10.3390/w16030436
- Spatio-temporal connectivity and dispersal seasonal patterns in the Adriatic Sea using a retention clock approach I. Nadal et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1360077
- Application of SWAN model for wave forecasting in the southern Baltic Sea supplemented with measurement and satellite data P. Sapiega et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105624
- Application of Swan Model for Wave Forecasting in the Southern Baltic Sea Supplemented with Measurement and Satellite Data P. Sapiega et al. 10.2139/ssrn.4133433
- Effects of sea ice on Baltic Sea eutrophication O. Parn et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117067
- The Baltic Sea Model Intercomparison Project (BMIP) – a platform for model development, evaluation, and uncertainty assessment M. Gröger et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-8613-2022
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Observations and projections A. Melet et al. 10.5194/sp-3-slre1-4-2024
- Oceanographic regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea until 2100 H. Meier et al. 10.5194/esd-13-159-2022
- The Impact of Air–Sea Flux Parameterization Methods on Simulating Storm Surges and Ocean Surface Currents L. Cai et al. 10.3390/jmse13030541
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Human impacts and their interactions in the Baltic Sea region M. Reckermann et al. 10.5194/esd-13-1-2022
- Biogeochemical functioning of the Baltic Sea K. Kuliński et al. 10.5194/esd-13-633-2022
- Flux coupling approach on an exchange grid for the IOW Earth System Model (version 1.04.00) of the Baltic Sea region S. Karsten et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-1689-2024
- Atmospheric rivers in CMIP5 climate ensembles downscaled with a high-resolution regional climate model M. Gröger et al. 10.5194/esd-13-613-2022
- Atmospheric regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea region until 2100 O. Christensen et al. 10.5194/esd-13-133-2022
- Natural hazards and extreme events in the Baltic Sea region A. Rutgersson et al. 10.5194/esd-13-251-2022
- Overview: The Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR) H. Meier et al. 10.5194/esd-14-519-2023
- Added value of including waves into a coupled atmosphere–ocean model system within the North Sea area S. Grayek et al. 10.3389/fmars.2023.1104027
- Toward Systematic Literature Reviews in Hydrological Sciences D. De León Pérez et al. 10.3390/w16030436
- Spatio-temporal connectivity and dispersal seasonal patterns in the Adriatic Sea using a retention clock approach I. Nadal et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1360077
- Application of SWAN model for wave forecasting in the southern Baltic Sea supplemented with measurement and satellite data P. Sapiega et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105624
- Application of Swan Model for Wave Forecasting in the Southern Baltic Sea Supplemented with Measurement and Satellite Data P. Sapiega et al. 10.2139/ssrn.4133433
- Effects of sea ice on Baltic Sea eutrophication O. Parn et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117067
- The Baltic Sea Model Intercomparison Project (BMIP) – a platform for model development, evaluation, and uncertainty assessment M. Gröger et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-8613-2022
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Observations and projections A. Melet et al. 10.5194/sp-3-slre1-4-2024
- Oceanographic regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea until 2100 H. Meier et al. 10.5194/esd-13-159-2022
- The Impact of Air–Sea Flux Parameterization Methods on Simulating Storm Surges and Ocean Surface Currents L. Cai et al. 10.3390/jmse13030541
Latest update: 23 Apr 2025
Short summary
Regional climate studies are typically pursued by single Earth system component models (e.g., ocean models and atmosphere models). These models are driven by prescribed data which hamper the simulation of feedbacks between Earth system components. To overcome this, models were developed that interactively couple model components and allow an adequate simulation of Earth system interactions important for climate. This article reviews recent developments of such models for the Baltic Sea region.
Regional climate studies are typically pursued by single Earth system component models (e.g.,...
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