Earth System Dynamics
Earth System Dynamics
ESD
Articles | Volume 14, issue 1
Articles | Volume 14, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-243-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-243-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 14, issue 1
Research article
 | 
27 Feb 2023
Research article |  | 27 Feb 2023

The response of the regional longwave radiation balance and climate system in Europe to an idealized afforestation experiment

Marcus Breil, Felix Krawczyk, and Joaquim G. Pinto

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Latest update: 31 Oct 2025
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Short summary
We provide evidence that biogeophysical effects of afforestation can counteract the favorable biogeochemical climate effect of reduced CO2 concentrations. By changing the land surface characteristics, afforestation reduces vegetation surface temperatures, resulting in a reduced outgoing longwave radiation in summer, although CO2 concentrations are reduced. Since forests additionally absorb a lot of solar radiation due to their dark surfaces, afforestation has a total warming effect.
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