Articles | Volume 13, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1167-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1167-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
25 Aug 2022
Research article |
| 25 Aug 2022
| 25 Aug 2022
The ExtremeX global climate model experiment: investigating thermodynamic and dynamic processes contributing to weather and climate extremes
Kathrin Wehrli
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the Netherlands
Mathias Hauser
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Hideo Shiogama
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
Daisuke Tokuda
Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Hyungjun Kim
Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
Dim Coumou
Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the Netherlands
Wilhelm May
Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Philippe Le Sager
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the Netherlands
Frank Selten
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the Netherlands
Olivia Martius
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Mobiliar Lab for Natural Risks, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Robert Vautard
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Gif sur Yvette, France
Sonia I. Seneviratne
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cited
10 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Wildfire Risk Mitigation through Systems Analysis of the Planetary Emergency J. Lambert et al. 10.1061/AOMJAH.AOENG-0040
- Bayesian Variable Selection in Generalized Extreme Value Regression: Modeling Annual Maximum Temperature J. Castillo-Mateo et al. 10.3390/math11030759
- Quantifying moisture and sensible heat flux anomalies for compound drought and heat wave events in the Iberian Peninsula A. Pérez-Alarcón et al. 10.1016/j.wace.2025.100756
- Drivers and Mechanisms of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave D. Schumacher et al. 10.1029/2022EF002967
- Quantifying the physical processes leading to atmospheric hot extremes at a global scale M. Röthlisberger & L. Papritz 10.1038/s41561-023-01126-1
- Record-breaking fire weather in North America in 2021 was initiated by the Pacific northwest heat dome P. Jain et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01346-2
- Assessing the Increasing Frequency of Heat Waves in Cuba and Contributing Mechanisms A. Pérez-Alarcón et al. 10.1007/s41748-024-00443-8
- Regional climate change: consensus, discrepancies, and ways forward T. Shaw et al. 10.3389/fclim.2024.1391634
- Quantifying the statistical dependence of mid-latitude heatwave intensity and likelihood on prevalent physical drivers and climate change J. Zeder & E. Fischer 10.5194/ascmo-9-83-2023
- Summertime Rossby waves in climate models: substantial biases in surface imprint associated with small biases in upper-level circulation F. Luo et al. 10.5194/wcd-3-905-2022
9 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Wildfire Risk Mitigation through Systems Analysis of the Planetary Emergency J. Lambert et al. 10.1061/AOMJAH.AOENG-0040
- Bayesian Variable Selection in Generalized Extreme Value Regression: Modeling Annual Maximum Temperature J. Castillo-Mateo et al. 10.3390/math11030759
- Quantifying moisture and sensible heat flux anomalies for compound drought and heat wave events in the Iberian Peninsula A. Pérez-Alarcón et al. 10.1016/j.wace.2025.100756
- Drivers and Mechanisms of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave D. Schumacher et al. 10.1029/2022EF002967
- Quantifying the physical processes leading to atmospheric hot extremes at a global scale M. Röthlisberger & L. Papritz 10.1038/s41561-023-01126-1
- Record-breaking fire weather in North America in 2021 was initiated by the Pacific northwest heat dome P. Jain et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01346-2
- Assessing the Increasing Frequency of Heat Waves in Cuba and Contributing Mechanisms A. Pérez-Alarcón et al. 10.1007/s41748-024-00443-8
- Regional climate change: consensus, discrepancies, and ways forward T. Shaw et al. 10.3389/fclim.2024.1391634
- Quantifying the statistical dependence of mid-latitude heatwave intensity and likelihood on prevalent physical drivers and climate change J. Zeder & E. Fischer 10.5194/ascmo-9-83-2023
Latest update: 09 Mar 2025
Short summary
The ExtremeX experiment was designed to unravel the contribution of processes leading to the occurrence of recent weather and climate extremes. Global climate simulations are carried out with three models. The results show that in constrained experiments, temperature anomalies during heatwaves are well represented, although climatological model biases remain. Further, a substantial contribution of both atmospheric circulation and soil moisture to heat extremes is identified.
The ExtremeX experiment was designed to unravel the contribution of processes leading to the...
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