Articles | Volume 10, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-379-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-379-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review
| 
10 Jul 2019
Review |
| 10 Jul 2019
| 10 Jul 2019
ESD Reviews: Climate feedbacks in the Earth system and prospects for their evaluation
Geophysical Institute and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research,
University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
Veronika Eyring
Institut für
Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Pierre Friedlingstein
College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University
of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Colin Jones
National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of Leeds,
Leeds, UK
Yves Balkanski
7Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSaclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
William Collins
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Thierry Fichefet
Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute,
Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research,
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Shuang Gao
Geophysical Institute and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research,
University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
current address: Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
Alex Hall
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of
California, Los Angeles, USA
Detelina Ivanova
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NERSC), Bergen,
Norway
current address: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, USA
Wolfgang Knorr
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund
University, Lund, Sweden
Reto Knutti
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich,
Zurich, Switzerland
Alexander Löw
formerly at: Department for Geography, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich,
Germany
deceased, 2 July 2017
Michael Ponater
Institut für
Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Martin G. Schultz
Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
Michael Schulz
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Pier Siebesma
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, the Netherlands
Department of Geoscience & Remote Sensing, Delft University of
Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
Joao Teixeira
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, California, USA
George Tselioudis
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York City, USA
Martin Vancoppenolle
Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France
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Latest update: 14 Nov 2025
Short summary
Earth system models for producing climate projections under given forcings include additional processes and feedbacks that traditional physical climate models do not consider. We present an overview of climate feedbacks for key Earth system components and discuss the evaluation of these feedbacks. The target group for this article includes generalists with a background in natural sciences and an interest in climate change as well as experts working in interdisciplinary climate research.
Earth system models for producing climate projections under given forcings include additional...
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