Delaying future sea-level rise by storing water in Antarctica

Frieler, K.; Mengel, M.; Levermann, A.

doi:10.5194/esd-7-203-2016

Articles | Volume 7, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-203-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-203-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 7, issue 1

Research article

| Highlight paper

|

10 Mar 2016

Research article | Highlight paper |

| 10 Mar 2016

Delaying future sea-level rise by storing water in Antarctica

K. Frieler, M. Mengel, and A. Levermann

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Total article views: 13,987 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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Views and downloads (calculated since 13 Oct 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Oct 2015	67	67	1	135
Nov 2015	55	36	1	92
Dec 2015	23	17	1	41
Jan 2016	53	18	1	72
Feb 2016	24	12	1	37
Mar 2016	1,940	546	43	2,529
Apr 2016	421	110	10	541
May 2016	132	46	5	183
Jun 2016	71	18	5	94
Jul 2016	41	10	1	52
Aug 2016	51	17	3	71
Sep 2016	52	10	0	62
Oct 2016	57	9	2	68
Nov 2016	32	21	1	54
Dec 2016	32	19	2	53
Jan 2017	66	40	3	109
Feb 2017	51	27	6	84
Mar 2017	140	50	9	199
Apr 2017	150	34	8	192
May 2017	135	38	12	185
Jun 2017	134	79	16	229
Jul 2017	90	16	9	115
Aug 2017	67	56	2	125
Sep 2017	105	25	2	132
Oct 2017	101	19	2	122
Nov 2017	74	37	1	112
Dec 2017	79	49	1	129
Jan 2018	44	51	5	100
Feb 2018	63	16	11	90
Mar 2018	190	67	9	266
Apr 2018	65	22	6	93
May 2018	50	20	6	76
Jun 2018	46	13	9	68
Jul 2018	58	9	3	70
Aug 2018	49	18	8	75
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Oct 2018	66	25	11	102
Nov 2018	65	21	12	98
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Jan 2019	40	11	6	57
Feb 2019	26	13	0	39
Mar 2019	43	19	2	64
Apr 2019	45	9	4	58
May 2019	50	7	1	58
Jun 2019	38	13	0	51
Jul 2019	77	12	1	90
Aug 2019	55	40	2	97
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Oct 2019	55	20	0	75
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Jan 2020	53	5	3	61
Feb 2020	50	12	0	62
Mar 2020	63	20	6	89
Apr 2020	82	10	5	97
May 2020	89	15	4	108
Jun 2020	74	19	1	94
Jul 2020	68	41	32	141
Aug 2020	79	10	5	94
Sep 2020	94	12	1	107
Oct 2020	65	16	0	81
Nov 2020	74	20	1	95
Dec 2020	118	12	0	130
Jan 2021	110	14	1	125
Feb 2021	81	12	0	93
Mar 2021	109	31	0	140
Apr 2021	87	14	4	105
May 2021	105	16	1	122
Jun 2021	77	16	0	93
Jul 2021	90	12	0	102
Aug 2021	76	16	0	92
Sep 2021	67	19	3	89
Oct 2021	70	36	4	110
Nov 2021	54	39	4	97
Dec 2021	59	19	2	80
Jan 2022	57	19	0	76
Feb 2022	53	16	1	70
Mar 2022	79	13	2	94
Apr 2022	92	15	8	115
May 2022	85	11	2	98
Jun 2022	85	4	1	90
Jul 2022	78	4	1	83
Aug 2022	55	8	4	67
Sep 2022	41	9	2	52
Oct 2022	53	8	2	63
Nov 2022	55	8	3	66
Dec 2022	48	8	2	58
Jan 2023	52	20	4	76
Feb 2023	52	7	4	63
Mar 2023	71	17	1	89
Apr 2023	43	15	1	59
May 2023	67	20	1	88
Jun 2023	74	11	1	86
Jul 2023	49	7	2	58
Aug 2023	64	12	3	79
Sep 2023	71	15	2	88
Oct 2023	68	30	1	99
Nov 2023	28	8	1	37
Dec 2023	53	22	3	78
Jan 2024	53	27	3	83
Feb 2024	29	20	2	51
Mar 2024	43	22	5	70
Apr 2024	51	10	15	76
May 2024	45	16	3	64
Jun 2024	91	24	2	117
Jul 2024	78	20	4	102
Aug 2024	91	15	6	112
Sep 2024	35	15	2	52
Oct 2024	59	22	3	84
Nov 2024	43	22	1	66
Dec 2024	57	20	1	78
Jan 2025	46	30	2	78
Feb 2025	60	8	3	71
Mar 2025	51	12	2	65
Apr 2025	42	24	0	66
May 2025	63	9	2	74
Jun 2025	81	13	2	96
Jul 2025	100	33	9	142
Aug 2025	79	37	4	120
Sep 2025	83	18	2	103
Oct 2025	66	40	2	108
Nov 2025	51	24	2	77
Dec 2025	2	5	0	7

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 13 Oct 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Oct 2015	67	67	1	135
Nov 2015	55	36	1	92
Dec 2015	23	17	1	41
Jan 2016	53	18	1	72
Feb 2016	24	12	1	37
Mar 2016	1,940	546	43	2,529
Apr 2016	421	110	10	541
May 2016	132	46	5	183
Jun 2016	71	18	5	94
Jul 2016	41	10	1	52
Aug 2016	51	17	3	71
Sep 2016	52	10	0	62
Oct 2016	57	9	2	68
Nov 2016	32	21	1	54
Dec 2016	32	19	2	53
Jan 2017	66	40	3	109
Feb 2017	51	27	6	84
Mar 2017	140	50	9	199
Apr 2017	150	34	8	192
May 2017	135	38	12	185
Jun 2017	134	79	16	229
Jul 2017	90	16	9	115
Aug 2017	67	56	2	125
Sep 2017	105	25	2	132
Oct 2017	101	19	2	122
Nov 2017	74	37	1	112
Dec 2017	79	49	1	129
Jan 2018	44	51	5	100
Feb 2018	63	16	11	90
Mar 2018	190	67	9	266
Apr 2018	65	22	6	93
May 2018	50	20	6	76
Jun 2018	46	13	9	68
Jul 2018	58	9	3	70
Aug 2018	49	18	8	75
Sep 2018	43	17	10	70
Oct 2018	66	25	11	102
Nov 2018	65	21	12	98
Dec 2018	35	17	7	59
Jan 2019	40	11	6	57
Feb 2019	26	13	0	39
Mar 2019	43	19	2	64
Apr 2019	45	9	4	58
May 2019	50	7	1	58
Jun 2019	38	13	0	51
Jul 2019	77	12	1	90
Aug 2019	55	40	2	97
Sep 2019	49	23	0	72
Oct 2019	55	20	0	75
Nov 2019	55	17	0	72
Dec 2019	48	17	4	69
Jan 2020	53	5	3	61
Feb 2020	50	12	0	62
Mar 2020	63	20	6	89
Apr 2020	82	10	5	97
May 2020	89	15	4	108
Jun 2020	74	19	1	94
Jul 2020	68	41	32	141
Aug 2020	79	10	5	94
Sep 2020	94	12	1	107
Oct 2020	65	16	0	81
Nov 2020	74	20	1	95
Dec 2020	118	12	0	130
Jan 2021	110	14	1	125
Feb 2021	81	12	0	93
Mar 2021	109	31	0	140
Apr 2021	87	14	4	105
May 2021	105	16	1	122
Jun 2021	77	16	0	93
Jul 2021	90	12	0	102
Aug 2021	76	16	0	92
Sep 2021	67	19	3	89
Oct 2021	70	36	4	110
Nov 2021	54	39	4	97
Dec 2021	59	19	2	80
Jan 2022	57	19	0	76
Feb 2022	53	16	1	70
Mar 2022	79	13	2	94
Apr 2022	92	15	8	115
May 2022	85	11	2	98
Jun 2022	85	4	1	90
Jul 2022	78	4	1	83
Aug 2022	55	8	4	67
Sep 2022	41	9	2	52
Oct 2022	53	8	2	63
Nov 2022	55	8	3	66
Dec 2022	48	8	2	58
Jan 2023	52	20	4	76
Feb 2023	52	7	4	63
Mar 2023	71	17	1	89
Apr 2023	43	15	1	59
May 2023	67	20	1	88
Jun 2023	74	11	1	86
Jul 2023	49	7	2	58
Aug 2023	64	12	3	79
Sep 2023	71	15	2	88
Oct 2023	68	30	1	99
Nov 2023	28	8	1	37
Dec 2023	53	22	3	78
Jan 2024	53	27	3	83
Feb 2024	29	20	2	51
Mar 2024	43	22	5	70
Apr 2024	51	10	15	76
May 2024	45	16	3	64
Jun 2024	91	24	2	117
Jul 2024	78	20	4	102
Aug 2024	91	15	6	112
Sep 2024	35	15	2	52
Oct 2024	59	22	3	84
Nov 2024	43	22	1	66
Dec 2024	57	20	1	78
Jan 2025	46	30	2	78
Feb 2025	60	8	3	71
Mar 2025	51	12	2	65
Apr 2025	42	24	0	66
May 2025	63	9	2	74
Jun 2025	81	13	2	96
Jul 2025	100	33	9	142
Aug 2025	79	37	4	120
Sep 2025	83	18	2	103
Oct 2025	66	40	2	108
Nov 2025	51	24	2	77
Dec 2025	2	5	0	7

Latest update: 06 Dec 2025

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Short summary

Sea level will continue to rise for centuries. We investigate the option of delaying sea-level rise by pumping ocean water onto Antarctica. Due to wave propagation ice is discharged much faster back into the ocean than expected from pure advection. A millennium-scale storage of > 80 % of the additional ice requires a distance of > 700 km from the coastline. The pumping energy required to elevate ocean water to mitigate a sea-level rise of 3 mm yr⁻¹ exceeds 7 % of current global primary energy supply.