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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Dynamics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2190-4995</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/esd-2017-110</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Climatic impact of Arctic Ocean methane hydrate
dissociation in the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt;-century</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Vadakkepuliyambatta</surname>
<given-names>Sunil</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1118-1321</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Skeie</surname>
<given-names>Ragnhild B.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1246-4446</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Myhre</surname>
<given-names>Gunnar</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-476X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dalsøren</surname>
<given-names>Stig B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Silyakova</surname>
<given-names>Anna</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-1868</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Schmidbauer</surname>
<given-names>Norbert</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lund Myhre</surname>
<given-names>Cathrine</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3587-5926</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Mienert</surname>
<given-names>Jürgen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>CAGE-Center for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment, and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>CICERO-Center for International Climate and Environmental Research – Oslo, PB. 1129 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2027 Kjeller, Norway</addr-line>
</aff>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Norges Forskningsråd</funding-source>
<award-id>225814</award-id>
<award-id>223259</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2017</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>27</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2017 Sunil Vadakkepuliyambatta et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://esd.copernicus.org/preprints/esd-2017-110/">This article is available from https://esd.copernicus.org/preprints/esd-2017-110/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://esd.copernicus.org/preprints/esd-2017-110/esd-2017-110.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://esd.copernicus.org/preprints/esd-2017-110/esd-2017-110.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Greenhouse gas methane trapped in sub-seafloor gas hydrates may play an important role in a potential climate feedback system. The impact of future Arctic Ocean warming on the hydrate stability and its contribution to atmospheric methane concentrations remains an important and unanswered question. Here, we estimate the climate impact of released methane from oceanic gas hydrates in the Arctic to the atmosphere towards the end of the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; century, integrating hydrate stability and atmospheric modeling. Based on future climate models, we estimate that increasing ocean temperatures over the next 100 years could release up to 17&amp;thinsp;±&amp;thinsp;6&amp;thinsp;Gt&amp;thinsp;C into the Arctic Ocean. However, the released methane has a limited or minor impact on the global mean surface temperature, contributing only 0.1&amp;thinsp;% of the projected anthropogenic influenced warming over the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; century.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="27"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
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